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- Question
Statements: All fish are tortoise. No tortoise is a crocodile.
Conclusions:
- No crocodile is a fish.
- No fish is a crocodile.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow
- Correct Answer
- Both I and II follow
ExplanationSince both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative. Also, the conclusion should not contain the middle term. So, II follows; I is the converse of II and thus it also holds. - 1. Statements: All roads are poles. No pole is a house.
Conclusions:
- Some roads are houses.
- Some houses are poles.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 2. Statements: Every minister is a student. Every student is inexperienced.
Conclusions:
- Every minister is inexperienced.
- Some inexperienced are students.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 3. Statements: All flowers are trees. No fruit is tree.
Conclusions:
- No fruit is flower.
- Some trees are flowers.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 4. Statements: No bat is ball. No ball is wicket.
Conclusions:
- No bat is wicket.
- All wickets are bats.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 5. Statements: All roads are waters. Some waters are boats.
Conclusions:
- Some boats are roads.
- All waters are boats.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 6. Statements: Some dedicated souls are angels. All social workers are angels.
Conclusions:
- Some dedicated souls are social workers.
- Some social workers are dedicated souls.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 7. Statements: No gentleman is poor. All gentlemen are rich.
Conclusions:
- No poor man is rich.
- No rich man is poor.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 8. Statements: Some swords are sharp. All swords are rusty
Conclusions:
- Some rusty things are sharp.
- Some rusty things are not sharp.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 9. Statements: All fishes are grey in colour. Some fishes are heavy.
Conclusions:
- All heavy fishes are grey in colour.
- All light fishes are not grey in colour.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
- 10. Statements: All good athletes win. All good athletes eat well.
Conclusions:
- All those who eat well are good athletes.
- All those who win eat well.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
Logical Deduction problems
Search Results
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Explanation:
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative. So, neither I nor II follows.
Correct Answer: Both I and II follow
Explanation:
'Every' is equivalent to 'All'. Thus, since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows. II is the converse of the second premise and thus it also holds.
Correct Answer: Both I and II follow
Explanation:
As discussed above, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No flower is fruit'. I is the converse of this conclusion and thus it follows. II is the converse of the first premise and so it also holds.
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Explanation:
Since both the premises are negative, no definite conclusion follows.
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Explanation:
The first premise is A type and distributes the subject. So, the middle term 'waters' which forms its predicate, is not distributed. The second premise is I type and does not distribute either subject or predicate. So, the middle term 'waters' forming its subject is not distributed. Since the middle term is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Explanation:
The first premise is an I type proposition. So, the middle term 'angels' forming the predicate is not distributed. The second premise is an A type proposition. So, the middle term 'angels' forming the predicate is not distributed. Since the middle term is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Explanation:
The first premise is an E-type proposition, So, the middle term 'gentleman' forming the subject is distributed. The second premise is an A-type proposition. So, the middle term 'gentlemen' forming the subject is distributed. Since the middle term is distributed twice, the conclusion cannot be universal. Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. Thus, it follows that 'Some rich men are not poor'. Thus, neither I nor II follows.
Correct Answer: Only conclusion I follows
Explanation:
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows. Since both the premises are affirmative, the conclusion cannot be negative. Thus, II does not follow.
Correct Answer: Only conclusion I follows
Explanation:
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some heavy things are grey in colour'. I is a cumulative result of this conclusion and the first premise. Thus, only I holds.
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Explanation:
Since the middle term 'good athletes' is distributed twice in the premises, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So it follows that 'Some of those who win, eat well'.
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