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Analytical reasoning on unemployment and job applications: Assess Statements I and II — 'There is an unprecedented year-on-year rise in the number of young unemployed' and 'A bank's manager post advertisement drew a very large number of applications' — to identify whether one is the cause and the other its effect or another relationship.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect

Explanation:

Given data

  • I: Unprecedented increase in young unemployed compared to the previous year.
  • II: Very large number of applications to a bank's manager post.

Concept/Approach

Higher unemployment typically increases applicant pools for available jobs. We test direct causality from I → II.

Step-by-step evaluation

1) If more young people are unemployed, competition for advertised jobs intensifies.2) This leads to a surge in applications for each vacancy.3) Hence, Statement I (cause) reasonably explains Statement II (effect).

Verification/Alternative

Reverse causation (II → I) is implausible; one ad cannot cause macro unemployment to spike.

Common pitfalls

  • Confusing correlation with causation in the opposite direction.

Final Answer
Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.

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