First Premise is Universal Negative (E-type).
Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type).
Sowmya is a girl.? No girl is a parrot.
A + E ? E-type of Conclusion. "Sowmya is not a parrot."
This is Conclusion I.
(i) All pens are papers ? Universal Affirmative (A-type).
(ii) Some houses are lakes ? Particular Affirmative (I-type).
(iii) No eraser is paper ? Universal Negative (E-type).
(iv) Some erasers are not papers ? Particular Negative (O-type).
All pens are papers. ? No paper is an eraser.
A + E ? E-type of Conclusion. "No pen is an eraser".
Conclusion I is Converse of it.
Conclusion II is Converse of the first Premise.
First Premise is Universal Affirmative (A&type).
Second Premise can be written in the form of Universal Negative (E-type) as
No sweet thing is good for health
All fruits are sweet. ? No sweet thing is good for health.
A + E ? E?type of Conclusion "No fruit is good for health".
Thus both the Conclusions follow.
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All cupboards are watches. ? All watches are costly.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All cupboards are costly."
This is Conclusion I.
Conclusion II is converse of it.
Only Conclusion I follows. As all English movies are violent, the people who like watching English movies like violence. But it is not necessary that all people who like violence watch English movies.
The given statement can be shown by the following diagram :
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A?type).
All children are students. ? All students are players.
A + A ? A?type of Conclusion
All children are players.¸
This is Conclusion II.
All metals are silver. ? All silver are diamond.
A + A ? A ? type of Conclusion "All metals are diamond".
This is Conclusion II.
First Premise is Particular Affirmative (I-type).
Second Premise is Universal Negative (E-type).
Some cats are dogs. ? No dog is a toy.
I + E ? O ? type of Conclusion "Some cats are not toys."
This is Conclusion III. Conclusion I is Converse of the first Premise.
Both the Premises are Particular Affirmative (I-type).
No Conclusion follows from the two Particular Premises.
Conclusion I is Converse of the second Premise.
Conclusion II is Converse of the first Premise.
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All deers are cows. ? All cows are animals.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All deers are animals"
This is Conclusion I.
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