AND gate output evaluation: Given a 3-input AND gate with inputs A = 1, B = 0, C = 1, determine whether the output will be LOW. Assess the statement.
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ACorrect
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BIncorrect
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COutput is HIGH because majority are HIGH
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DNot enough information is provided
Answer
Correct Answer: Correct
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Multi-input AND gates implement logical multiplication across all inputs. Only when every input is 1 does the output become 1. A single 0 forces the output to 0, irrespective of the other inputs.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Gate: 3-input AND.
- Inputs: A = 1, B = 0, C = 1.
- Output labeled as “LOW” corresponds to logic 0.
Concept / Approach:The expression for the output X is X = ABC. Substitute the given input values and evaluate the product to determine if the output is 0 (LOW) or 1 (HIGH).
Step-by-Step Solution:
Start with X = A * B * C.Substitute: X = 1 * 0 * 1.Compute: 1 * 0 = 0; 0 * 1 = 0 → X = 0 (LOW).Verification / Alternative check:Truth rule: If any input of an AND gate is 0, the output must be 0. Here B = 0, so X = 0 despite A and C being 1.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Incorrect: Contradicts AND behavior.“Majority are HIGH”: AND does not use majority logic; it requires all HIGH.Not enough information: Gate and inputs fully determine the output.Common Pitfalls:Confusing AND with majority or voting logic; assuming two highs outvote one low.
Final Answer:Correct