Waveform Terminology The duty cycle is defined as the time the output is active divided by the total period of the output signal. What is this quantity called?

Introduction / Context:
Duty cycle is a core term when describing periodic digital waveforms and pulse width modulation. It indicates how long a signal stays in its active state within one period.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Active time refers to the defined high interval for active high signals or low interval for active low signals.
• Period is the full cycle duration.

Concept / Approach:
Duty cycle is a ratio or percentage: active_time / period. For PWM control, changing this ratio changes average power delivered to loads.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Measure active interval within one cycle: t_active.2) Measure total period T.3) Compute duty cycle: D = t_active / T (often expressed as D * 100%).

Verification / Alternative check:
Oscilloscope cursors or logic analyzer measurements confirm D by dividing the active width by period.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• on time: Only the numerator t_active, not the ratio.
• off time: Complementary inactive interval, not the ratio.
• active ratio: Informal term; standard term is duty cycle.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing absolute time with ratio; forgetting to specify whether the signal is active high or active low.

Final Answer:
duty cycle