Timber defects – identifying swellings from irregular branch removal Curved swellings formed by growth around wounds where branches were cut off irregularly are called what?

Introduction:
Timber defects arise from growth characteristics, environmental stresses, and improper pruning or conversion. Recognizing the names and causes of common defects is vital for selecting structural and joinery timber with acceptable appearance and performance. This question targets the swelling formed after irregular branch removal.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• A branch has been removed or broken off irregularly.
• The tree subsequently grows new layers over the wound.
• The result is a characteristic swelling on the surface.

Concept / Approach:

When branches are cut improperly or torn, the cambium overgrows the wound unevenly. The overgrowth encapsulates bark or cambium pockets, forming rind galls. These can include discontinuities and are considered defects that affect appearance and, at times, workability.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Timber technology references distinguish rind galls from knots (embedded branch bases) and burls (abnormal rounded growths due to cambial disturbances). The description here matches rind galls specifically.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Knots: Are remains of branches within the wood structure, not surface swellings from wound overgrowth.

Burls: Large, rounded, warty growths from cambial proliferation; not necessarily linked to pruning wounds.

None of these: Incorrect because rind galls precisely fit the description.

Common Pitfalls:

Using the terms knot and burl interchangeably; assuming any surface swelling is a burl; overlooking the role of enclosed bark in rind galls.

Final Answer:

Rind galls