Objects and Classes Questions

In C++ classes, which statement about the accessibility of data members and member functions is correct (considering typical design, not a special case)?

C++ friendship: which of the following statements about the friend keyword is incorrect?

C++ object lifecycle: a constructor is executed when which of the following events occurs?

C++ private inheritance: under private inheritance, how are the base class’s public members treated in the derived class interface?

Abstract classes in C++: how many objects (instances) can you directly create from an abstract class?

C++ static member functions: does using this-> inside a static method compile? Examine and predict the program's behavior. #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTab { static int x; public: static void SetData(int xx) { this->x = xx; // attempt to use this in a static function } static void Display() { cout << x; } }; int CuriousTab::x = 0; int main() { CuriousTab::SetData(22); CuriousTab::Display(); return 0; }

C++ nested struct as a global member: if a function that initializes members is never called, what does Display() print? #include<iostream.h> class India { public: struct CuriousTab { int x; float y; void Function() { y = x = (x = 4 * 4); y = --y * y; } void Display() { cout << y << endl; } } B; } I; int main() { I.B.Display(); return 0; }

C library strcspn in C++ (legacy headers): for the given strings, what index does strcspn("India", "CuriousTab") return? #include<iostream.h> #include<string.h> class CuriousTab { int val; public: void SetValue(char str1, char str2) { val = strcspn(str1, str2); } void ShowValue() { cout << val; } }; int main() { CuriousTab objCuriousTab; objCuriousTab.SetValue((char)"India", (char)"CuriousTab"); objCuriousTab.ShowValue(); return 0; }

C++ operator overloading for a 2D point: compute the result of Point operator+(Point) with default and explicit constructors, then display the sum. #include<iostream.h> class Point { int x, y; public: Point(int xx = 10, int yy = 20) { x = xx; y = yy; } Point operator+(Point objPoint) { Point objTmp; objTmp.x = objPoint.x + this->x; objTmp.y = objPoint.y + this->y; return objTmp; } void Display() { cout << x << " " << y; } }; int main() { Point objP1; // 10,20 Point objP2(1, 2); // 1,2 Point objP3 = objP1 + objP2; objP3.Display(); return 0; }

C++ composition (has-a): given a contained base-like object constructed with (10,20), what does Show() print? #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTabBase { int x, y; public: CuriousTabBase(int xx = 10, int yy = 10) { x = xx; y = yy; } void Show() { cout << x * y << endl; } }; class CuriousTabDerived { private: CuriousTabBase objBase; public: CuriousTabDerived(int xx, int yy) : objBase(xx, yy) { objBase.Show(); } }; int main() { CuriousTabDerived objDev(10, 20); return 0; }

C++ static data member and constructor side effects: given exit(0) when x == 1, what does the program actually print? #include<iostream.h> #include<process.h> class CuriousTab { static int x; public: CuriousTab() { if (x == 1) exit(0); else x++; } void Display() { cout << x << " "; } }; int CuriousTab::x = 0; int main() { CuriousTab objCuriousTab1; objCuriousTab1.Display(); CuriousTab objCuriousTab2; objCuriousTab2.Display(); return 0; }

C++ inheritance with float and char: what does the following print after casting a computed float to char and then to int? #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTabBase { public: float x; }; class CuriousTabDerived : public CuriousTabBase { public: char ch; void Process() { ch = (int)((x = 12.0) / 3.0); } void Display() { cout << (int)ch; } }; int main() { CuriousTabDerived *objDev = new CuriousTabDerived; objDev->Process(); objDev->Display(); return 0; }

C++ constructor pre-increment parameters and post-increment in output: what does Show() print? #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTabData { int x, y, z; public: CuriousTabData(int xx, int yy, int zz) { x = ++xx; y = ++yy; z = ++zz; } void Show() { cout << "" << x++ << " " << y++ << " " << z++; } }; int main() { CuriousTabData objData(1, 2, 3); objData.Show(); return 0; }

C++ substring printing with index and count: what is printed by GetData("Welcome!", 1, 3) given the loop logic? #include<iostream.h> #include<string.h> class CuriousTab { public: void GetData(char s, int x, int y) { int i = 0; for (i = x - 1; y > 0; i++) { cout << s[i]; y--; } } }; int main() { CuriousTab objCuriousTab; objCuriousTab.GetData((char)"Welcome!", 1, 3); return 0; }

C++ pointers and member access: what exactly is printed, and why do (*p).x and p->x show the same value? #include<iostream.h> class Tab { public: int x; }; int main() { Tab *p = new Tab(); (*p).x = 10; cout<< (*p).x << " " << p->x << " " ; p->x = 20; cout<< (*p).x << " " << p->x ; return 0; }

C++ static data and static member functions: after setting x via a class-qualified call, what is printed? #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTab { static int x; public: static void SetData(int xx) { x = xx; } static void Display() { cout<< x; } }; int CuriousTab::x = 0; int main() { CuriousTab::SetData(44); CuriousTab::Display(); return 0; }

C++ static counter across class functions: after First() then Second(5), what does Display() print? #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTab { static int count; public: static void First(void) { count = 10; } static void Second(int x) { count = count + x; } static void Display(void) { cout<< count << endl; } }; int CuriousTab::count = 0; int main() { CuriousTab::First(); CuriousTab::Second(5); CuriousTab::Display(); return 0; }

C++ mixing static and non-static access: does calling a non-static member via class name compile? #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTab { static int x; public: static void SetData(int xx) { x = xx; } void Display() { cout<< x; } }; int CuriousTab::x = 0; int main() { CuriousTab::SetData(33); CuriousTab::Display(); return 0; }

C++ composition vs. base construction: what does this derived constructor print when it calls Show() on its own member? #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTabBase { int x, y; public: CuriousTabBase(int xx = 10, int yy = 10) { x = xx; y = yy; } void Show() { cout<< x * y << endl; } }; class CuriousTabDerived : public CuriousTabBase { private: CuriousTabBase objBase; public: CuriousTabDerived(int xx, int yy) : CuriousTabBase(xx, yy) { objBase.Show(); } }; int main() { CuriousTabDerived objDev(10, 20); return 0; }

C++ object state tampering via pointer cast: trace the prints before and after writing into the object memory. #include<iostream.h> class CuriousTabTeam { int x, y; public: CuriousTabTeam(int xx) { x = ++xx; } void Display() { cout<< --x << " "; } }; int main() { CuriousTabTeam objBT(45); objBT.Display(); int p = (int)&objBT; p = 23; objBT.Display(); return 0; }