Arc welding processes — use of consumable electrodes Which one of the following welding processes definitely employs a consumable filler wire/electrode as part of the process?

Introduction / Context:
Welding processes are distinguished by the type of electrode (consumable vs. non-consumable) and shielding method. Recognising which processes use consumable wire helps in selecting appropriate power sources, feeders, and shielding arrangements.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Standard industrial practices and naming conventions.
• “Consumable” means the electrode melts and contributes filler metal to the joint.
• SAW uses a continuous wire under a granular flux blanket.

Concept / Approach:
Submerged arc welding (SAW) always uses a consumable wire electrode fed continuously. The arc and molten pool are covered by flux, preventing oxidation. TIG (GTAW) and many plasma processes use non-consumable tungsten electrodes; any filler is added separately. Traditional carbon arc welding uses carbon/graphite electrodes that are non-consumable relative to the weld filler (though they erode, they are not intended as filler). The misleading option for “MIG with non-consumable electrode” is self-contradictory; MIG/GMAW is also a consumable process, but the option is written to be false.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify processes: SAW, TIG, carbon arc, plasma.Match each to electrode type.Select the process that definitely uses a consumable electrode: SAW.

Verification / Alternative check:
Process datasheets for SAW specify wire feed units and flux delivery; TIG lists tungsten electrodes with separate filler rods.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Carbon arc: non-consumable carbon electrode.
• TIG: non-consumable tungsten electrode.
• MIG with “non-consumable” and plasma with “non-consumable”: phrased to be incorrect here.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming all arc processes feed wire; many high-quality processes (TIG, plasma) use non-consumable electrodes with optional filler.

Final Answer:
submerged arc welding (SAW)