Advantages of structural steel members: Considering performance and serviceability, which statement best summarises the main advantages of using steel members in building frames and tanks?

Introduction / Context:
Material selection for structural systems involves strength-to-weight ratios, durability, constructability, and service performance. Steel is a leading choice for frames, bridges, and tanks due to a combination of mechanical and service attributes when properly designed and protected.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Modern steel with controlled chemistry, appropriate welding, and coatings.
• Reasonable inspection and maintenance regimes.
• Applications ranging from building frames to water- or gas-containing shells/tanks.

Concept / Approach:

Steel offers high yield and tensile strengths, enabling slender members and long spans. With continuous welds and adequate detailing, steel enclosures can be made gas- and water-tight. Protective systems (galvanizing, paint, cathodic protection) extend service life significantly in diverse environments.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Case histories of steel bridges and tanks show decades of service when protected. Design manuals discuss steel’s high specific strength and proven watertight performance with weld quality assurance.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Option (e) omits (b), which is valid when proper welding and inspection are provided.

Common Pitfalls:

• Assuming “water-tightness” is an inherent property without considering weld quality and details.
• Ignoring corrosion protection when estimating service life.

Final Answer:

All of the above.