What is the present capital city of the Indian state of Telangana?

Introduction / Context:
State capitals are basic but important facts in Indian geography and polity. Telangana, the newest state of India created in 2014, has a designated capital city where the main organs of the state government function. This question tests whether the learner can correctly recall the present capital of Telangana from among several well known cities in the region.

Given Data / Assumptions:
- The state in question is Telangana, formed in 2014.
- The options list major cities within or near the region: Warangal, Hyderabad, Nizamabad, Adilabad, and Karimnagar.
- The task is to identify the current capital city where the state government is headquartered.

Concept / Approach:
When Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated to create Telangana, Hyderabad was designated as the joint capital of both states for a transitional period, and it serves as the capital of Telangana. It is a large metropolitan city, historically the capital of the former Hyderabad State and then Andhra Pradesh. Other cities like Warangal, Nizamabad, Adilabad, and Karimnagar are important urban centres but are not the state capital.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall that Telangana became a separate state on 2 June 2014 after the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh. Step 2: Remember that Hyderabad was designated as the capital of Telangana and, for a limited period, also acted as the joint capital for Andhra Pradesh. Step 3: Review the options. Warangal, Nizamabad, Adilabad, and Karimnagar are well known cities and districts but do not serve as the capital. Step 4: Hyderabad is the only city among the options that is officially recognised as the capital of Telangana. Step 5: Therefore, select Hyderabad as the correct answer.

Verification / Alternative check:
A quick verification can be done by recalling major state institutions such as the Telangana Secretariat, the Legislative Assembly, and the High Court, which are located in Hyderabad. Maps, atlases, and official government websites also list Hyderabad as the capital of Telangana, which confirms the answer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Warangal: A significant historical city and former capital of the Kakatiya dynasty, but not the present state capital of Telangana.
Nizamabad: An important district headquarters and urban centre but not the seat of the state government.
Adilabad: Primarily known as a district in northern Telangana, not the capital city.
Karimnagar: Another major town and district but not the capital.

Common Pitfalls:
Some learners get confused due to ongoing discussions about possible future capitals or regional development plans, but for exam purposes the officially recognised current capital remains Hyderabad. Another pitfall is mixing up regional importance of cities with their status as administrative capitals. Always rely on official designations rather than population size or historical fame alone.

Final Answer:
The present capital city of Telangana is Hyderabad.