In world geography and polity, what is the capital city of Colombia, the South American country located in the northwestern part of the continent?

Introduction / Context:
Capital cities are fundamental facts in world geography and general knowledge. Colombia is a significant country in South America, and questions about its capital often appear in competitive exams, especially those that include international affairs or maps. Knowing capitals helps you interpret news, diplomatic events, and economic data more accurately. This question focuses on identifying the correct capital city of Colombia from among several South American capitals.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The country mentioned is Colombia in South America.
• Options list Caracas, Santiago, Lima, and Bogota.
• Each option is a capital city, but of different South American countries.
• We assume standard current political geography with no changes to capital status.

Concept / Approach:
To answer questions about capitals, you should develop a habit of linking each country with its main administrative centre. Colombia is bordered by countries like Venezuela, Brazil, and Peru. Its capital city is Bogota, located in the Andean region of the country. The other options are also real capitals but belong to neighbouring countries. Caracas is the capital of Venezuela, Santiago is the capital of Chile, and Lima is the capital of Peru. Therefore, the only correct match for Colombia is Bogota.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Read the country name carefully and note that it is Colombia, not a similar sounding name. Step 2: Recall that Bogota is widely known as the capital city of Colombia. Step 3: Identify Bogota among the options as choice D. Step 4: Recognise that Caracas, Santiago, and Lima belong to different South American countries. Step 5: Conclude that Bogota is the correct answer for the capital of Colombia.

Verification / Alternative check:
You can confirm this by looking at any political map of South America or a list of world capitals. Colombia will be marked with Bogota as its capital. International news about Colombian politics or sports events also refer to Bogota in this context, reinforcing this association. School textbooks and online geography resources consistently list Bogota as the capital of Colombia, leaving no ambiguity in the answer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Caracas is the capital city of Venezuela, which borders Colombia to the east, so option A is incorrect here. Santiago is the capital of Chile, located along the Pacific coast further south, so option B is wrong for Colombia. Lima is the capital of Peru, another neighbouring country, but not Colombia, so option C is also incorrect. Only Bogota correctly serves as the capital of Colombia and thus fits the question stem.

Common Pitfalls:
Students sometimes confuse South American capitals because several of them appear frequently in news and football coverage. Another mistake is to focus on a familiar name like Lima or Caracas without checking the country pairing. To avoid such confusion, build a mental map that links each country with its capital and review them periodically, especially for continents like South America and Africa where exam questions are common.

Final Answer:
The capital city of Colombia is Bogota.