Statement–Argument (Mobiles on Campus): Statement: Should students be banned from carrying mobile phones on college campuses? Arguments: I) No, a mobile phone is essential and one needs it all day. II) Yes, mobile phones distract students from studies. Choose the option indicating which argument is strong.

Introduction / Context:
Campus device policy is about learning outcomes, disruption, and safety. Strong arguments should tie the rule to academic focus or workable alternatives (time/place restrictions) rather than vague generalities.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Argument I: Asserts “essential all day,” but does not address classroom impacts or consider moderated policies.
• Argument II: Directly links phones to distraction—notifications, social media, and split attention—affecting learning.

Concept / Approach:
Relevance to the institution’s core objective (learning) makes II strong. I is generic; essentiality outside class can be accommodated by regulated use without undermining the academic environment.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Map the proposal to effects: Distraction harms learning productivity; II addresses this.I lacks specificity; “essential all day” ignores targeted restrictions (e.g., allowed outside classrooms).

Verification / Alternative check:
Common practice is not blanket bans but structured restrictions—this still validates II’s core reasoning that unmanaged use distracts.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only II makes a direct academic case; I is not strong; “either/neither” misclassifies.

Common Pitfalls:
False dilemma: assuming only total ban or total freedom.

Final Answer:
if only argument II is strong.