Directions: For the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) given below, choose the correct alternative. Assertion (A): Leaves of plants are green in colour. Reason (R): Plants contain chromoplasts, the green pigment.

Introduction / Context:

This Assertion–Reason question tests basic knowledge of plant pigments and the ability to judge whether a proposed scientific explanation is factually correct. Such items are common in school-level biology and reasoning exams because they simultaneously check conceptual understanding and logical evaluation of statements.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Assertion (A): Leaves of plants are green in colour.
• Reason (R): Plants contain chromoplasts, the green pigment.
• We must decide whether A is true or false, whether R is true or false, and whether R correctly explains A.
• Options describe all four standard Assertion–Reason patterns (both true with correct explanation, both true without correct explanation, A true but R false, A false but R true).

Concept / Approach:

To solve Assertion–Reason questions, we first evaluate the truth of each statement independently. Next, if both appear true, we examine whether the Reason provides a correct scientific explanation for the Assertion. Here, the topic is plant cell organelles and pigments responsible for leaf colour. Knowing the correct roles of chloroplasts, chromoplasts and chlorophyll is essential.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Standard biology textbooks clearly distinguish chloroplasts (green, photosynthetic) from chromoplasts (typically red, orange or yellow, giving colour to fruits and flowers). Leaves look green because of chlorophyll in chloroplasts, not because of chromoplasts. This independent reference supports our earlier analysis and confirms that the Reason is incorrect.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

The option stating that both A and R are true with R as the correct explanation is wrong because R is not true.

The option claiming that both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation is also wrong since R itself is false.

The option saying A is false but R is true is incorrect because we know leaves are indeed green and chromoplasts are not green pigment plastids.

Common Pitfalls:

Students may confuse the terms “chromoplast” and “chloroplast” because they sound similar. Another frequent mistake is to focus only on the Assertion and ignore the scientific accuracy of the Reason. In Assertion–Reason questions, it is crucial to check both statements independently against known facts.

Final Answer:

The correct option is A is true but R is false.