Profit and Loss Questions

• Two-stage trade: +40% then −20% leads to final price ₹432 A sells a watch to B at a 40% gain, and B sells it to C at a 20% loss. If C pays ₹432, at what price did A originally purchase the watch?
• Loss to gain with a ₹12 price change — recover the cost price A man sells an article at a 20% loss. If he had sold it for ₹12 more, he would have made a 10% gain. What is the cost price of the article?
• Marked price, usual profit, and seasonal discount — find new gain A shopkeeper sells an umbrella for ₹30 and gains 20% (usual sale). During a clearance sale, he offers a 10% discount on the marked price. What is his gain percentage during the sale season?
• Profit and Loss – Relating unequal gain and loss, then targeting a 20% profit: On selling an article at ₹ 530, the gain is 20% more than the loss incurred when selling the same article at ₹ 475. Find the cost price first, and then determine the selling price required to earn a 20% profit.
• Profit and Loss – Mixed gains to hit a target overall margin: A dealer buys 80 cricket bats at ₹ 50 each (total cost ₹ 4000). He sells 20 bats at a 5% gain. What gain percentage must he earn on the remaining 60 bats so that his overall gain on the entire lot is 10%?
• Profit and Loss – Successive resales of land: A piece of land passes through three hands. Overall, its price rises by 65%. If the first seller earns a 20% profit and the second seller earns a 25% profit, what is the profit percentage earned by the third seller?
• Profit and Loss – Two close profit rates reveal the cost price: A person sold a watch at a 10% profit. If he had sold it for ₹ 2000 more, the profit would have been 20%. What is the cost price of the watch?
• Profit and Loss – Equal selling price with +10% and −10% outcomes: A man sells two watches, each for ₹ 495. On one he gains 10% and on the other he loses 10%. What is the overall result (profit or loss percentage) on the entire transaction?
• Profit and Loss – From 15% loss to 15% profit band (range check): A person sells an article for ₹ 136 at a 15% loss. If he had sold it for ₹ N, he would have gained 15%. Which interval correctly contains N?
• Profit and Loss – Split sale (part at loss, part at gain) to break even: A shopkeeper buys books worth ₹ 750 in total. He sells two-fifths of them at a 15% loss. At what gain percentage should he sell the remaining books so that overall there is neither profit nor loss?
• Profit and Loss – Short weight with apparent selling loss: A dishonest dealer sells articles at a 10% loss on cost but uses a weight of 16 g instead of the correct 18 g. What is his actual net profit or loss percentage?
• Profit and Loss – Short weight with stated price gain: A seller uses a 920 g weight in place of 1 kg and also sells at a 15% gain on cost price. What is his actual overall profit percentage?
• Profit and Loss – Price gain plus 30% short measure: A man sells rice at a 10% profit but uses weights that are 30% less than the correct measure. What is his overall gain percentage on the true quantity delivered?
• Profit and Loss – Combining different purchase rates, single selling rate: A fruit seller buys 700 oranges at ₹ 500 per 100 oranges and 500 more oranges at ₹ 700 per 100 oranges. He sells all oranges at ₹ 84 per dozen. What is his profit percentage on the whole?
• Profit and Loss – Markup with a small cash discount: A tradesman marks goods 30% above cost price. If he allows a discount of 6 1/4% on the marked price, what is his gain percentage?
• Profit and Loss – Profit rises from 20% to 25% after a 25% SP hike: A retailer increases his selling price by 25%, and as a result his profit percentage rises from 20% to 25%. By what percentage did his cost price increase?
• Profit and Loss – Infer the (equal) discount rate from final price, then “flip” to equal increases: An item has cost price ₹ 500 and is marked up by 80%, so MP = ₹ 900. It is sold at ₹ 576 after two successive equal discounts. If instead of discounting twice by the same rate, the marked price were increased twice by that same rate, what would be the new profit percentage?
• Profit and Loss – Inferring a discount from “two free chairs at ₹ 80 each” equivalence: I planned to buy 10 chairs at ₹ 200 each (₹ 2000). The trader offered a discount for buying a set of 12 chairs. I calculated that, compared with the normal 10-chair spend, it is as if the 2 extra chairs cost only ₹ 80 each at the discounted 12-chair rate. What is the percentage discount on the list price?
• Profit and Loss – Tiered discounts over multiple car services in a year: Base servicing charge is ₹ 400. The second service within the year gets a 10% discount. The third and fourth services each cost 10% less than the immediately previous amount paid. From the fifth service onward within the year, a customer pays 60% of the full servicing charge per service. If a customer avails 5 services in the year, what total percentage discount does he receive compared to paying full price for all 5?
• Profit and Loss – Profit% from 12:9 CP:SP relation and discount tied to profit: The cost price (CP) of 12 oranges equals the selling price (SP) of 9 oranges. Also, the discount on 10 oranges equals the profit on 5 oranges. What is the percentage-point difference between the profit percentage and the discount percentage?