If the current year is 2019 and your birthday this year has already occurred, how old are you if you were born in 1995?

Introduction / Context:
This is a basic age calculation question, often used as an introductory problem in calendar and arithmetic aptitude. It checks whether you can correctly compute a person's age from their birth year and the current year, given that their birthday has already occurred in the current year.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Year of birth = 1995.
• Current year = 2019.
• The person's birthday in 2019 has already passed.
• We need to find the person's present age in completed years.

Concept / Approach:
The basic idea is that a person's age (in completed years) is the difference between the current year and the birth year if their birthday for the current year has already occurred. If the birthday has not yet occurred, we subtract one year from this difference. The question clearly states that the birthday has already occurred, so we can simply subtract.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Write down the current year: 2019.Step 2: Write down the birth year: 1995.Step 3: Compute the difference: 2019 − 1995.Step 4: 2019 − 1995 = 24.Step 5: Because the person's birthday in 2019 has already taken place, their age is exactly 24 years.

Verification / Alternative check:
Another way to think about it is to count decades: from 1995 to 2005 is 10 years, from 2005 to 2015 is another 10 years (total 20), and from 2015 to 2019 adds 4 more years. This again gives 24 years, confirming the direct subtraction method.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
22 years or 23 years would be correct only if the current year were earlier than 2019 or if the birthday for 2019 had not yet occurred. 25 or 26 years would require the current year to be 2020 or later, which contradicts the given assumption that the current year is 2019.

Common Pitfalls:

• Forgetting to check whether the birthday in the current year has occurred and always subtracting one year by habit.
• Mistakenly subtracting the years in the wrong order (1995 − 2019).
• Confusing completed years with upcoming birthdays.

Final Answer:
The person's current age in 2019 is 24 years.