The revolutionary organisation "Young Italy" was founded by Giuseppe Mazzini. It later worked closely with which other Italian nationalist leader?

Introduction / Context:
This question is drawn from the history of European nationalism, specifically the unification of Italy. "Young Italy" was a secret revolutionary society that played a major role in inspiring the Italian people to fight for national unity and independence from foreign rule.

Given Data / Assumptions:
• Giuseppe Mazzini founded "Young Italy" in the nineteenth century. • The question asks which other leader worked closely with this movement. • The focus is on Italian nationalist leaders, not foreign monarchs.

Concept / Approach:
Giuseppe Garibaldi was another key figure in the Italian unification movement. While Mazzini provided ideological inspiration and revolutionary planning, Garibaldi was the charismatic military leader who led volunteer forces such as the famous "Red Shirts". The two collaborated in the broader nationalist struggle, and "Young Italy" is often associated with both Mazzini and Garibaldi in exam questions.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the main personalities of Italian unification: Mazzini, Garibaldi, Cavour and Victor Emmanuel II. Step 2: Note that Mazzini founded "Young Italy" as a revolutionary society. Step 3: Identify which leader among the options was a revolutionary soldier who shared Mazzini's aims. Step 4: Recognise that Garibaldi led armed struggles and cooperated with Mazzini's ideas. Step 5: Select "Giuseppe Garibaldi" as the correct answer.

Verification / Alternative check:
History texts on Italian unification describe Mazzini as the "soul" of the movement, Garibaldi as the "sword", Cavour as the "brain" and Victor Emmanuel II as the constitutional monarch who became king of a united Italy. "Young Italy" is primarily linked with Mazzini but frequently mentioned alongside Garibaldi's revolutionary actions, confirming that he is the expected choice here.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option Victor Emmanuel II: He was the king of Sardinia-Piedmont and later the first king of united Italy, but not a founding member of Young Italy. Option Louis Philippe: A French king, not an Italian nationalist leader. Option Count Cavour: The prime minister of Sardinia-Piedmont who used diplomacy and reforms rather than secret revolutionary societies. Option Camillo de Rossi: Not a central figure in standard accounts of Italian unification.

Common Pitfalls:
Students often mix up the roles of Cavour and Garibaldi. A good memory aid is that Garibaldi led volunteer fighters (the "sword" of the movement), while Cavour used political diplomacy as the "brain". When you see "Young Italy" and Mazzini mentioned, think of Garibaldi as the closest revolutionary partner in the options.

Final Answer:
Thus, the revolutionary organisation "Young Italy" founded by Mazzini later worked closely with Giuseppe Garibaldi.