DSL access and the DSLAM: Which access technology uses ATM as the Data Link protocol and terminates at a DSLAM in the provider network?

Introduction / Context:
Understanding how last-mile technologies are delivered helps with selecting CPE, configuring encapsulations, and troubleshooting. The DSL Aggregation device in the provider network is the DSLAM.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We are looking for a technology that commonly uses ATM at Layer 2.
• Provider infrastructure terminates customer loops on a DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer).

Concept / Approach:
Many xDSL variants (especially ADSL) historically used ATM over the copper loop, with PVCs from the CPE to the DSLAM/BRAS. PPPoE or PPPoA may run on top, but the underlying aggregation at Layer 2 is ATM toward and within the access network.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Provider documentation of ADSL often references ATM PVCs (VPI/VCI) parameters on modems/routers, confirming ATM usage beneath PPPoE/PPPoA.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
PPPoE: A session protocol that can run over DSL, not the access medium itself.
Frame Relay/T1: Different WAN services not associated with DSLAMs.
Wireless: Not terminated on DSLAMs and not necessarily ATM-based.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing PPPoE (session) with the physical/media technology (DSL). DSLAM is a strong hint pointing directly to DSL.

Final Answer:
DSL