C#.NET — Read a stack trace: what does this “IndexOutOfRangeException” report tell you? Unhandled Exception: System.IndexOutOfRangeException: Index was outside the bounds of the array at CuriousTabConsoleApplication.MyProgram.SetVal(Int32 index, Int32 val) in D:\Sample\CuriousTabConsoleApplication\MyProgram.cs:line 26 at CuriousTabConsoleApplication.MyProgram.Main(String[] args) in D:\Sample\CuriousTabConsoleApplication\MyProgram.cs:line 20

Difficulty: Easy

1 only
1 and 2 only
3, 4 and 5 only
All of the above
None of the above

Correct Answer: 3, 4 and 5 only

Explanation:

Introduction / Context:
Reading stack traces is a vital debugging skill. This trace shows an unhandled System.IndexOutOfRangeException with two frames: the throwing method and its caller. You must identify which conclusions follow directly from the trace.

Given Data / Assumptions:

Exception: System.IndexOutOfRangeException (unhandled).
Method frames: SetVal (line 26) -> Main (line 20).
Namespace appears as CuriousTabConsoleApplication.
Source file path and lines are shown.

Concept / Approach:
The first frame identifies where the exception occurred. The next frame shows the caller. The namespace prefix clarifies the logical container (often matching the project name). Unhandled means the runtime did not find a user catch; thus the process terminated via the CLR’s unhandled-exception policy.

Step-by-Step Solution:

(1) “The CLR failed to handle the exception.” — Misleading. The CLR surfaces unhandled exceptions; it does not “handle” them for recovery. The right reading is that the exception was not caught by user code. Treat (1) as not supported by the trace. (2) “The class MyProgram belongs to the namespace MyProgram.” — False; the trace shows CuriousTabConsoleApplication.MyProgram, so the namespace is CuriousTabConsoleApplication. (3) SetVal was called from Main at line 20 — True per the second frame. (4) The exception occurred at line 26 in SetVal — True per the first frame. (5) The runtime exception occurred in project/namespace CuriousTabConsoleApplication — True; both frames carry that qualifier.

Verification / Alternative check:
Reproduce an out-of-range access in a demo project and observe the same two-frame pattern in the unhandled exception printout.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Options A/B include incorrect assertions (1, 2). Option D includes the incorrect items as well.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing namespaces with class names; assuming the runtime “handles” unhandled exceptions.

Final Answer:
3, 4 and 5 only

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