Down (climb) milling: identify the incorrect statement Which of the following statements about down milling is wrong?

Introduction / Context:
In down (climb) milling, the cutter rotates in the same direction as the table feed. This has important consequences for chip formation, cutting forces, surface finish, and machine requirements.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Conventional slab or end milling on a knee mill or machining center.
• Backlash condition is relevant on older machines without backlash elimination.

Concept / Approach:
In down milling, chip thickness starts at maximum and decreases to zero at exit. This reduces rubbing and produces a good surface finish. However, backlash can cause the cutter to pull the work in, which is unsafe on older machines. Chips are carried behind the cutter, aiding evacuation and allowing coolant to reach the hot zone.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Assess each statement vs. known effects.Backlash limitation (A): true concern on old machines.Chip disposal (B): true; chips move away from the cut surface.Surface waviness claim (C): wrong; down milling generally improves finish over up milling.Coolant access (D): true; easier access to the cutting zone.

Verification / Alternative check:
Manufacturing texts cite better finish and lower tool wear in down milling when backlash is controlled (e.g., on CNC machines with preloaded screws/feeds).

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only (C) contradicts standard behavior; the others are consistent with practice.

Common Pitfalls:
Attempting down milling on worn manual mills without backlash control; misinterpreting chip flow and finish trends.

Final Answer:
The surface milled appears to be slightly wavy.