In structured design representations, which diagramming method explicitly discourages or rules out the use of GO TO statements by enforcing block-structured control constructs?

Introduction / Context:
Structured programming emphasizes sequence, selection, and iteration without arbitrary jumps. Diagramming notations reflect these principles to improve readability and maintainability. Among common notations, one specifically embodies block structure that makes GO TO statements unnecessary and typically disallowed by design.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We compare common design notations: flowcharts, HIPO, and Nassi-Shneiderman (NS) diagrams.
• Goal is to identify which notation inherently avoids GO TO constructs.
• Understanding of structured control flow is assumed.

Concept / Approach:
Nassi-Shneiderman diagrams (also called structograms) depict programs as nested blocks representing sequence, selection, and iteration. This format does not provide an explicit mechanism for arbitrary jumps; control structure is enforced visually. Flowcharts, by contrast, can include arbitrary branches and jumps. HIPO is a hierarchical documentation/overview method rather than a strict control-flow notation and does not, by itself, prevent GO TO usage.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Examples of NS diagrams show nested rectangles for if/else and loops without any jump arrows, confirming the structure-only approach.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Flowchart: Can express arbitrary jumps via arrows and connectors.
• HIPO: High-level documentation; does not encode control-flow restrictions.
• All of the above: Incorrect because only NS diagrams directly enforce structured flow.
• None of the above: Incorrect since NS diagrams apply.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming any diagram that shows control flow bans GO TO; only block-structured notations inherently avoid it.

Final Answer:
Nassi-Shneiderman diagram