Cell culture formats: Which statement correctly compares primary cell lines (PCL) and established cell lines (ECL) with respect to suspension culture?
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AEstablished cell lines can be maintained in suspension cultures, whereas this is exceptional for primary cell lines
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BBoth established and primary cell lines are routinely maintained in suspension cultures
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CPrimary cell lines, but not established lines, can be maintained in suspension cultures
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DNeither primary nor established lines can be maintained in suspension cultures
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EOnly hybridomas can grow in suspension; no other lines do
Answer
Correct Answer: Established cell lines can be maintained in suspension cultures, whereas this is exceptional for primary cell lines
Explanation
Introduction / Context:Adherent versus suspension growth is a key practical distinction in cell culture. Many industrial processes prefer suspension-capable lines for scalability in bioreactors. This question distinguishes the adaptability of primary versus established lines to suspension culture.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Primary cell lines (PCL) are freshly isolated, finite, and often anchorage-dependent.
- Established cell lines (ECL) are immortalized or transformed and frequently adapt to suspension or reduced anchorage dependence.
Concept / Approach:Most PCLs require attachment (e.g., via extracellular matrix or surface proteins) and exhibit contact inhibition and limited lifespan, making suspension culture unusual. Conversely, many ECLs (e.g., HEK293 derivatives, CHO, hybridomas) can be selected or adapted for suspension growth, enabling large-scale production in stirred-tank bioreactors.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Contrast anchorage dependence of PCL with adaptability of ECL.Relate industrial practice: ECLs commonly run in suspension for protein, vaccine, or viral vector production.Select the statement reflecting this reality.Verification / Alternative check:Manufacturing platforms (CHO-S, 293-F) demonstrate stable suspension growth and high-density culture, while PCLs (e.g., primary fibroblasts) typically demand adherent culture with serum and matrices.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- Claiming both or only primary lines are commonly suspension-capable is inaccurate.
- Asserting neither or only hybridomas grow in suspension ignores numerous ECL examples.
Common Pitfalls:Assuming any mammalian cell can be trivially adapted to suspension; overlooking the specialized selection needed for some ECLs.
Final Answer:Established cell lines can be maintained in suspension cultures, whereas this is exceptional for primary cell lines