Understanding internal DOS commands Which statement correctly describes internal commands in MS-DOS?

Introduction / Context:
MS-DOS provides two classes of commands: internal (built into the command interpreter) and external (separate executables). Knowing which are internal helps when booting from minimal media or troubleshooting path and file issues.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• COMMAND.COM is the DOS command interpreter.
• Internal commands include DIR, COPY, DEL, CD, CLS, and others depending on version.
• External commands include FORMAT.EXE, DISKCOPY.EXE, and MEM.EXE.

Concept / Approach:

Internal commands reside in memory as part of COMMAND.COM, so they are available whenever the interpreter is running. They do not require separate files in the path once the shell is loaded.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Boot from a minimal DOS disk containing only system files and COMMAND.COM; internal commands still run, while external ones do not unless their executables are present.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

b: Internal commands are for all users, not restricted to programming.

c: They can run interactively; batch files are not required.

d: The opposite is true—internal commands are embedded within COMMAND.COM.

e: Not applicable because option a is correct.

Common Pitfalls:

Assuming MEM or FORMAT are internal; they are external and require their executables.

Final Answer:

Internal commands can be run whenever the DOS prompt is displayed