Statement: Some roses are flowers. Some flowers are buds. All buds are leaves. All leaves are plants. Conclusions: I. Some plants are flowers. II. Some roses are buds. III. No leaves are roses. IV. No roses are buds.

Some flowers are buds + All buds are leaves + All leaves are plants = (I + A) + A = I = Some flowers are plants → conversion → Some plants are flowers (I). Hence I followers. Some roses are flowers + Some flowers are buds = I + I = No conclusion Hence II and IV do not follow by combination. Nor can III follow. However, II and IV form a complementary I-E pair, Hence either II or IV follows.