Identify the solid: which 3D form has two parallel, congruent polygonal bases connected by rectangular or parallelogram lateral faces, resulting in constant cross-section between the bases?

Introduction / Context:
Understanding standard solids is crucial for interpreting and creating drawings, calculating areas/volumes, and developing patterns. Prisms appear frequently in mechanical and architectural components due to their uniform cross-section and ease of fabrication.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Two bases are equal (congruent) polygons.
• The bases are parallel to each other.
• Lateral faces join corresponding edges of the bases.

Concept / Approach:

A prism has two equal, parallel polygonal bases and lateral faces that are rectangles or parallelograms. This yields a constant cross-section along the axis normal to the bases. Contrast this with pyramids (one base and an apex) and cones (circular base with curved surface). A torus is a ring-shaped surface of revolution capturing none of these characteristics.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Standard orthographic views of prisms show parallel top and bottom outlines; section views at multiple stations are identical. Development (pattern) unfolds into a series of equal rectangles corresponding to base edges.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Pyramid: single base plus apex; triangular sides.

Cone: circular base and curved surface.

Torus: circular ring surface with no polygonal bases.

Common Pitfalls:

Confusing a right prism (lateral faces rectangular) with an oblique prism (faces parallelogram); both are still prisms since bases remain parallel and congruent.

Final Answer:

Prism