Rapid prototyping methods Which rapid prototyping/additive manufacturing system uses a laser to fuse powdered metals, plastics, or ceramics layer by layer into solid parts?

Introduction / Context:
Additive manufacturing employs different energy sources and feedstocks to build 3D objects. Recognizing which technology uses powdered materials fused by a laser is essential for selecting the right process for strength, resolution, and material properties.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• A laser is the energy source.
• The feedstock is powder (metal, polymer, or ceramic).
• Layers are fused (sintered) to form a near-net-shape part.

Concept / Approach:
Selective laser sintering (SLS) and closely related selective laser melting (SLM) scan a laser over a powder bed, fusing particles where the cross-section requires. Unfused powder supports overhangs, reducing the need for support structures in many geometries. Contrast with FDM (extruded filament), SLA (photopolymer cured by light), and SGC (mask and UV-based curing).

Step-by-Step Solution:
Match the keywords “laser” and “powder” to known processes.Eliminate processes using filaments or liquid resins.Identify “Selective laser sintering” as the correct method.

Verification / Alternative check:
Materials commonly used in SLS/SLM include nylon (PA12), alumide, stainless steel, titanium, and cobalt-chrome, confirming the powder-plus-laser signature.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Fused deposition modeling: extrudes thermoplastic filament through a heated nozzle.
• Stereolithography apparatus: cures liquid photopolymer with UV laser or projector, not powder.
• Solid ground curing: masks an entire layer then UV-cures resin; again, not a powder-bed process.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing sintering (partial melt/bond) with full melting; both use lasers and powders but the fundamental category is powder-bed fusion.

Final Answer:
Selective laser sintering