Modem fundamentals – The process by which two modems establish a connection and negotiate parameters is called:

Introduction / Context:
Traditional dial-up and leased-line modems must coordinate before data transfer. This coordination sets modulation type, error correction, and compression. Knowing the correct term helps in configuration and troubleshooting legacy connections still used in specialized systems.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Two modem endpoints initiate communication over a telephone or serial link.
• They must agree on a common set of protocols and speeds.
• Audible tones and sequences are often heard during the process.

Concept / Approach:

“Handshaking” is the standard term for the exchange of tones and signals that establish the link configuration. During handshaking, modems negotiate line rates, fallback mechanisms, error-correction (e.g., V.42), and compression (e.g., V.42bis, MNP5). Successful handshaking transitions the connection to a data mode with agreed parameters.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Modem logs and AT command responses show negotiation details (e.g., CONNECT 33600/ARQ). Diagnostic LEDs indicate carrier detect and data set ready after handshake.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

“Connecting” and “linking” are generic verbs, not the technical term. “Interacting” is vague. “Pinging” refers to ICMP echo on IP networks, unrelated to modem training sequences.

Common Pitfalls:

Misinterpreting handshake failures as line faults when protocol mismatch or poor SNR is the cause; forgetting to disable call-waiting which interrupts handshakes.

Final Answer:

Handshaking.