Switch bounce in digital systems — Evaluate the claim: “There is no way to eliminate the effects of switch bounce.” Provide the best engineering perspective.

Introduction / Context:
Mechanical switches do not close once and stay closed; their contacts physically bounce, producing multiple rapid transitions within a few milliseconds. If these transitions are not handled, digital circuits may interpret several presses or releases instead of one. The question asks whether bounce effects can be eliminated from the perspective of a system designer.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Bounce time typically spans 1–20 milliseconds depending on switch type.
• Digital inputs have finite threshold and may trigger on spurious edges.
• Designers can add hardware or firmware conditioning stages.

Concept / Approach:
While you cannot stop the physics of contacts bouncing, you can eliminate its effects on the digital domain using debouncing. Hardware methods include RC low-pass filters, Schmitt trigger buffers, dedicated debouncer ICs, or synchronous sampling with a flip-flop chain. Software methods sample at intervals and accept a change only if it remains stable for a set debounce interval (e.g., 10–30 ms). The result is a single clean transition recognized by the logic, effectively eliminating bounce effects at the system level.

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