Difficulty: Medium
Correct Answer: Only (1)
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
A three-premise syllogism with two universals and one particular checks whether you can keep track of subset chains and avoid invalid converses or unwarranted intersections.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
From transitivity, locks ⊆ bats. “Some watches are bats” does not imply anything about keys unless watches are stated to be keys. Converses like “All keys are locks” are not implied.
Step-by-Step Solution:
(1) Some bats are locks — since locks ⊆ bats and locks are assumed to exist, there are locks that are bats. Hence true. (2) Some watches are keys — unjustified. While some watches are bats, keys are a subset of bats; the watches could lie outside keys within bats. (3) All the keys are locks — converse of Statement 1; not supported.
Verification / Alternative check:
Example: bats = {k1, w1}; keys = {k1}; locks = {k1}; watches = {w1}. Then (1) holds, but (2) and (3) fail.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Options including (2) assume an overlap not guaranteed; options including (3) assume a converse.
Common Pitfalls:
Treating membership in a larger set (bats) as proof of membership in its subset (keys).
Final Answer:
Only (1)
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