Technical drawing — elements of a section view In engineering graphics and drafting, which items are considered standard features that must appear when creating a section view to show interior details clearly?

Introduction / Context:
A section view is a core communication tool in mechanical, architectural, and civil drawings. By imagining that a cutting plane slices through an object, the drafter reveals hidden interior features that would be ambiguous in standard orthographic projections. To make section views universally understandable, standards specify what visual elements must be present.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The view is a conventional section produced according to common standards (e.g., ISO, ASME Y14 series).
• The goal is to reveal interior geometry and materials.
• Readers recognize standard line conventions for cutting planes and hatching.

Concept / Approach:
Three graphic conventions work together in a section: the Cutting Plane line indicates the exact location and direction of the imaginary cut; the Section lines (hatch) fill areas of solid material contacted by the plane; and the Material hatch pattern conveys that these areas are solid (and sometimes what material is intended).

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the cutting location and direction → draw a bold Cutting Plane line with arrowheads.Generate the section view → project geometry visible after the cut.Apply hatching → add uniform Section lines (hatch) inside all regions where the cutting plane intersects solid material.Differentiate materials if needed → choose an appropriate Material hatch pattern.

Verification / Alternative check:
Consulting standard drafting texts shows that omitting any of these elements can confuse the reader: without the Cutting Plane line the source of the view is unclear; without Section lines the interior appears hollow; without appropriate hatch patterns the material representation is incomplete.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Cutting Plane line only: does not convey solid regions.
• Section lines only: lacks context of where the cut was taken.
• Material hatch only: subset of overall hatching practice; still requires cutting plane and section indication.

Common Pitfalls:
Inconsistent hatch spacing or angle, hatching across ribs/standard exclusions, or forgetting arrow directions on the Cutting Plane line.

Final Answer:
All of the above