Which SQL statement creates a new base table (i.e., defines a table in the schema)?

Introduction / Context:
Data Definition Language (DDL) statements create, alter, and drop database objects. Choosing the correct verb is essential for clear and portable SQL.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The goal is to define a brand-new table and its columns.
• We are operating in standard SQL, not vendor-specific pseudo-syntax.
• We distinguish CREATE from ALTER and other verbs.

Concept / Approach:
CREATE TABLE defines a new table, its columns, data types, constraints, and optionally storage or partitioning options (vendor-specific). Other DDL statements modify existing objects (ALTER) or remove them (DROP).

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Consult any SQL reference: CREATE TABLE is the canonical statement for creating tables.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
ALTER TABLE: Modifies an existing table.
MAKE/DEFINE/INIT TABLE: Not standard SQL keywords.

Common Pitfalls:
Forgetting to declare primary keys, NOT NULL, and CHECK constraints at creation time can lead to data-quality issues.

Final Answer:
CREATE TABLE