In this analogy based on young ones of animals, Sheep is related to Lamb as Cow is related to which of the following: Sheep : Lamb :: Cow : ?

Introduction / Context:
This analogy question tests your basic general knowledge about animals and the names of their young ones. The relationship in the pair Sheep : Lamb is that of an adult animal to its offspring. You are asked to find a word that completes the same relationship for Cow. Such questions frequently appear in competitive exams to assess fundamental vocabulary and everyday knowledge.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Sheep is an adult farm animal.
• Lamb is the name given to the young one of a sheep.
• Cow is another common domesticated animal.
• The options represent different young ones or life stages of various animals.

Concept / Approach:
The key idea is to identify the type of relationship: "adult animal : young one." Once this is clear, we simply recall the correct term used for the offspring of a cow. We must distinguish this from other young animals like kittens or cubs, which belong to different species, and from words that do not represent a mammal's offspring at all.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Interpret the first pair. Sheep is the adult and lamb is its young one, so the relationship is adult animal to offspring.Step 2: Identify the adult animal in the second pair, which is Cow.Step 3: Recall the commonly used word for the young one of a cow, which is calf.Step 4: Check the options: Kitten, Cub, Calf and Caterpillar.Step 5: Recognise that kitten is the young one of a cat, cub is used for animals such as lions, tigers and bears, and caterpillar is the larval stage of a butterfly or moth.Step 6: Therefore, the only option that correctly names the offspring of a cow is calf.

Verification / Alternative check:
We can verify by constructing parallel statements: "A sheep has a lamb" and "A cow has a calf." Both sentences are correct and mirror each other. In contrast, "A cow has a kitten" or "A cow has a cub" is clearly wrong, and "A cow has a caterpillar" is biologically unrelated. This confirms that calf is the only acceptable completion.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option A, Kitten, refers to a young cat, not a cow. Option B, Cub, is used for the offspring of animals like lions, tigers, bears or wolves. Option D, Caterpillar, is not even a mammal; it is an insect larval stage. None of these satisfy the adult cow to young one relationship, so they are all incorrect for this analogy.

Common Pitfalls:
Sometimes candidates confuse different animal young ones because they do not systematically revise basic general knowledge. Another mistake is to select an option that simply feels familiar, such as kitten, without carefully matching it to the parent animal. To avoid these errors, always check that the species of the young one corresponds exactly to the species of the adult.

Final Answer:
The correct completion of the analogy is Calf, so option C is right.