Source combinations: Does “series aiding” correctly describe two voltage sources connected in series with the same polarity so their voltages add? Assess the terminology used for combining DC sources.

Introduction / Context:
Engineers frequently combine sources to obtain a desired voltage. The terms “series aiding” and “series opposing” describe polarity relationships. This question tests recognition of correct terminology and effect.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Two DC voltage sources connected in series.
• Polarity marks available to establish orientation.
• Ideal sources or sources with small internal resistance compared to the load.

Concept / Approach:

When sources are connected such that the positive terminal of one connects to the negative terminal of the next and their labeled polarities are oriented to produce additive rises around the loop, the total series voltage equals the algebraic sum of individual voltages. This orientation is called “series aiding.” If the polarities oppose, the net voltage equals the difference (series opposing).

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Example: two 9 V batteries placed plus-to-minus produce 18 V overall to the load when their polarities aid. Reversing one battery yields approximately 0 V net (neglecting internal resistance), the series-opposing case.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Requirement of equal voltages is unnecessary; 5 V and 3 V still add to 8 V when aiding.
• Involving a current source is irrelevant; the term describes voltage sources.
• Applicability is not limited to AC or DC; it is a general polarity concept.

Common Pitfalls:

Miswiring polarities so the intended aiding becomes opposing. Always verify with polarity marks and a loop traversal using Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law.

Final Answer:

True