The parts P, Q, R, and S of the following sentence have been jumbled. Choose the order that forms a coherent sentence: The ultimate hope P: will force the nations Q: that the destructive nature of weapons R: to give up war S: has not been fulfilled.

Introduction / Context:
Here you must arrange four parts of a complex sentence dealing with the destructive nature of weapons and hope for peace. The question tests how well you recognise relative clauses and the position of that clauses introduced by "that". A natural reading of the sentence will begin with "The ultimate hope that the destructive nature of weapons will force the nations to give up war has not been fulfilled."

Given Data / Assumptions:
The fragments are:
- P: will force the nations
- Q: that the destructive nature of weapons
- R: to give up war
- S: has not been fulfilled
The basic subject is "The ultimate hope".

Concept / Approach:
The key is to identify the relative clause starting with "that". In English, "that" often introduces a clause which describes the content of a hope, belief, or idea. Here, "that the destructive nature of weapons will force the nations to give up war" is one long clause describing what the ultimate hope is. After that clause, the main verb phrase "has not been fulfilled" completes the sentence. Therefore, the structure is: The ultimate hope + Q + P + R + S.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Start with the subject "The ultimate hope". Step 2: Attach Q: "that the destructive nature of weapons", which begins the content of this hope. Step 3: Continue the clause with P: "will force the nations". Now we have "that the destructive nature of weapons will force the nations". Step 4: Add R: "to give up war", completing the idea of what the nations will be forced to do. Step 5: Finish with S: "has not been fulfilled", which tells us that this hope has not come true. Step 6: The complete sentence is "The ultimate hope that the destructive nature of weapons will force the nations to give up war has not been fulfilled."

Verification / Alternative check:
Compare this arrangement with the options. The sequence Q P R S corresponds to option C. Options starting with P place the verb phrase "will force the nations" directly after "The ultimate hope", which would produce "The ultimate hope will force the nations", a wrong meaning. Instead, the hope is about what destructive weapons will cause nations to do. The chosen sequence preserves this meaning smoothly.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
- "P S Q R": implies "The ultimate hope will force the nations has not been fulfilled that the destructive nature of weapons to give up war", which is ungrammatical and confused.
- "P Q R S": wrongly suggests the "ultimate hope will force the nations", with "that the destructive nature of weapons" awkwardly added later.
- "P R Q S": again attaches the verb phrase directly to "hope" and loses the idea that "the destructive nature of weapons" is the real subject of the inner clause.

Common Pitfalls:
Students often ignore the function of "that" as a clause introducer and attempt to start directly with verb phrases like "will force the nations". A good strategy in para jumbles is to locate subordinating words such as "that", "which", and "who", and then attach them immediately after the noun they relate to. Here "that" very clearly belongs with "hope", giving the content of that hope.

Final Answer:
The correct arrangement is Q P R S, giving "The ultimate hope that the destructive nature of weapons will force the nations to give up war has not been fulfilled."