Replication choices: Can database replication be implemented with either synchronous or asynchronous techniques, with asynchronous being more common in practice?

Introduction / Context:
Choosing replication mode is a key architectural decision that balances latency, consistency, and durability.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Synchronous replication adds commit latency but strong consistency.
• Asynchronous replication lowers latency but allows temporary divergence.
• Many production systems prioritize throughput and availability, making async prevalent.

Concept / Approach:
Both modes are widely supported. Asynchronous replication is often favored for geo-distribution and large-scale read-heavy services because it reduces user-visible latency and tolerates WAN variability.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Define synchronous vs. asynchronous semantics.Map them to operational trade-offs (latency vs. consistency).Recognize industry practice: async is common for DR and global read replicas.Conclude the statement is valid.

Verification / Alternative check:
Vendor documentation typically offers both modes with tuning for durability and lag monitoring.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Limiting to a single mode or architecture is incorrect; 2PC is related to distributed commit, not required for all replication styles.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming async guarantees no data loss in catastrophic failures; SLA design must specify RPO/RTO.

Final Answer:
Applies — both modes exist and async is commonly deployed