Statement and Conclusion problems
- 1. Statement:
None of the bank unions could comprehend that the information technology wave was unstoppable and unless banks learn to swim along with the tide, they would be swept away.
Conclusions :
I. There shall come a time when banks will be rendered redundant by the advent of information technology.
II. Information technology is yet to make its impact on the banks.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer: if neither I nor II follows, and
Explanation:
I does not follow . It is not banks that will become redundant but certain methods used in banks. II is also false: the ''wave '' has already come. Note that the sentence uses the verb in the past tense-''could''.
- 2. Statement:
The Indian cement industry has witnessed strong consumption growth during 1999 wherein cement consumption grew by 17.5 per cent Apr-Dec 1999 over the same period in 1998.
Conclusions :
I. There has a marked growth in civil construction in 1999.
II. Repair works have been carried out on a massive scale in 1999.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer: if either I or II follows
Explanation:
Where will the cement go? Either in new constructions or in repairs.
- 3. Statement:
The Union finance minister in his latest budget speech declared that expenditure growth will be curbed and structural changes in the composition of expenditure brought about.
Conclusions :
I. Expenditure has begun to take its toll on India's growth .
II. More than the amount of expenditure, it is its composition that has affected the country's growth.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer: if only conclusion I follows
Explanation:
I follows. That is why the finance minister has felt the urgency to cub expenditure. But the comparison in II has no basis.
- 4. Statement:
Medical advancement has increased life expectancy and also the expectation of all and sundry to live longer and healthier but spiralling medical cost is a real spoilsport.
Conclusions :
I. Advancement in medical science caters to the needs of moneyed classes alone.
II. Nowadays medical profession has become a means of amassing wealth at the cost of ethics.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer: if neither I nor II follows, and
Explanation:
As the statement is relating medical advancement to high medical cost, it follows that medical advancement is an expensive affair. But the costs may be borne by the govts or charitable institutions. Hence I doesn't follow. Nothing can be concluded about the medical ethics from the given statement. Hence II does not follow.
- 5. Statement:
Because of the portrayal of ''modern'' women in films and private Indian channels which are popular in Pakistan, Pakistanis believe that Indian women are totally under the Western influence.
Conclusions :
I. Films and visual media largely depict the culture of a country.
II. Women in Pakistan are still uninfluenced by the Western culture.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
The belief of Pakistanis about the Indian women and its culture is totally based on whatever they watch on Indian channels and films. Hence I follows. As the modernity of Indian women is a highlighting thing for Pakistanis, we can conclude.II.
- 6. Statement:
The Chief minister of state A expressed serious concern over the 32 per cent drop-out rate in government schools.
Conclusions :
I. There is a growing concern in state A over the flight of students from schools.
II. State A is trying all out to increase its literacy rate.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer: if only conclusion I follows
Explanation:
The serious concern by the State chief clearly indicates that there is concern over the decreasing attendance in school. Hence I follows. But II can't be concluded.
Not all concerns of the politicians get translated into endeavours.
- 7. Statement:
It is time for the bureaucrats to mould their approach from negative energy to positive energy.
Conclusions :
I. Bureaucracy is mired in red-tape and empire-building.
II. As a permanent executive of modern democracies, bureaucrats can change the dynamics of our society.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. . if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer: . if neither I nor II follows, and
Explanation:
From the given statement we can't specify or define negative energy and positive energy. Hence I does not follow . II may be an assumption, but it certainly is not a conclusion.
- 8. Statement:
Declaration of strike by teachers at the time of paper evaluation has become an incurable disease and a great threat to the government.
Conclusions :
I. Paper evaluation is the most important business of teachers.
II. Teachers are always in search of opportunity to get their demands fulfilled.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
Why do teachers declare their strike only at the time of paper evaluation? It can be concluded that paper evaluation is the most important business of teachers. Hence I follows. The phrase incurable disease used in the statement confirms II. Hence II follows.
- 9. Statement:
The pollution-related problems made the people of country X realise that while economic growth was important, environment conservation was also necessary.
Conclusions :
I. Initially, the people of country 'X' concentrated only on economic growth of the country.
II. Economic growth has been achieved at the cost of environmental balance.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
The worsening of pollution-related problems accompanied by economic growth confirms conclusion II . And this automatically confirms I. (This imbalance is only because of lack of lack of awareness of the people of the country X.)
- 10. Statement:
In India, most women see their dowry as the only share they will get in their parental property. What they object to are only extortionist demands.
Conclusions :
I. Indian women do not have any share in their parental property.
II. Extortionist demand by the bridegroom 's side is a common practice in Indian society.
Options- A. if only conclusion I follows
- B. if only conclusion II follows
- C. if either I or II follows
- D. if neither I nor II follows, and Discuss
Correct Answer: if neither I nor II follows, and
Explanation:
I does not follow because we can't infer about the legal status from a particular perception. As the stray incidents of extortionist demands of dowry cannot be generalised, conclusion II is not correct.
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