Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement: Sachin wrote to his brother at Bangalore to collect personally the application form from the University for the Post-graduation Course in Mathematics.
Assumptions:
- The University may issue application forms to a person other than the prospective student.
- Sachin's brother may receive the letter well before the last date of collecting application forms.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Since Sachin has asked his brother to collect the form, it is evident that the university may issue the form to anybody and that Sachin's brother would receive the letter before the last date of collecting the forms. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 2. Statement: "Apply nets on windows to prevent the entrance of mosquitoes in the house."
Assumptions:
- The entering of mosquitoes from entrances other than windows is desirable.
- Nets are not available to apply on doors.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II is implicit
Explanation:
The statement talks of a way to keep mosquitoes away. This means that entry of mosquitoes in the house is not desirable. So, I is not implicit. Besides, the statement advises using nets on windows. So, nothing about the use of nets on doors, can be deduced. Thus, II is also not implicit.
- 3. Statement: Among all the articles, the prices of personal computers show the highest decline from June 2005 to December 2005.
Assumptions:
- Comparative prices of all the articles in June and December 2005 were available.
- Prices of personal computers were higher in the first six months than the last six months of 2005.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Since prices of personal computers show the highest decline among all the articles, it implies that the comparative prices of all the articles was known. So, I is implicit. Also, it being given that prices of computers showed decline during the last six months, it means that they were higher in the first six months. So, II is implicit.
- 4. Statement: Most people who stop smoking gain weight.
Assumptions:
- If one stops smoking, one will gain weight.
- If one does not stop smoking, one will not gain weight.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II is implicit
Explanation:
The statement talks of most people' and not 'all'. So, I is not necessarily true. Thus, I is not implicit. The condition, if one does not stop smoking, cannot be deduced from the statement. So, II is also not implicit.
- 5. Statement: Please consult us before making any decision on investment.
Assumptions:
- You may take a wrong decision if you don't consult us.
- It is important to take a right decision.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the statement was spoken for fear that the other person may take a wrong decision. So, I is implicit. Again, the statement confirms that it is important to take the right decision. So, II is also implicit.
- 6. Statement: The Parent Teacher Association (PTA) of a school has informed the Principal that they will not send their children to the school unless the school - authority reduces the fees with immediate effect.
Assumptions:
- Majority of the parents may agree with the PTA and may not send their wards with the school
- The school authority may accede to the demand of the PTA and reduce the fees.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The PTA is an association which would surely reflect the parents' interests and act to get them fulfilled. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 7. Statement: "Those who are appearing for this examination for the first time should be helped in filling up the form." - An instruction to invigilating staff.
Assumptions:
- The form is somewhat complicated.
- Candidates can appear more than once for this examination.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
The statement mentions that only those students are to be helped who are filling up the form for the first time. This does not mean that the form is complicated/So, I is not implicit. However, II follows from the statement and so is implicit.
- 8. Statement: Success is how much a person bounces up after hitting the bottom.
Assumptions:
- Success requires conscious efforts without being discouraged by failure.
- Failure cannot be considered an acceptable thing.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
The statement defines 'Success' as 'bouncing up'. This means that success can be achieved by striving hard to touch the top, without being harassed by any of the hurdles which come in the way. So, I is implicit. The fact in II cannot be assumed from the given statement.
- 9. Statement: The company has the right to reject any application form without furnishing any reason while sorting the list of candidates for interview - A condition mentioned in the employment notice.
Assumptions:
- It is desirable to call only eligible candidates for interview.
- The company believes in following impartial practice in all its functions.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
. Since the statement talks of the company short-listing the candidates to be called for interview, so I is implicit. However, nothing can be deduced about whether the company would make a partial or fair selection of candidates. So, II is not implicit.
- 10. Statement: The government has set up a fact finding mission to look into the possible reasons for the recent violence in the area.
Assumptions:
- The mission may be able to come up with credible information about the incidents.
- The people in the area may cooperate with the mission and come forward to give detailed information related to the incidents.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the plan of the government is to work out the causes for spread of violence and then take adequate steps to uproot them. So, I is implicit. Besides, this step of the government is for the welfare of the general public only. So, II is also implicit.
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