Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement: "If you want timely completion of work, provide independent cabins," - An employee tells the Director of a Company.
Assumptions:
- There are not enough cabins.
- Others' presence hinders timely completion of work.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The statement clearly hints at the need for cabins. So, I is implicit. Since independent cabins are expected to improve efficiency, it means that others' presence hinders work. So, II is also implicit.
- 2. Statement: No regular funds have been provided for welfare activities in this year's budget of the factory.
Assumptions:
- The factory does not desire to carry out welfare this year.
- Budgetary provision is necessary for carrying put welfare activities.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The non-provision of funds for welfare activities in the budget clearly indicates the factory's intention to not carry out such activities in the current year. So, I is implicit. Also, welfare activities cannot be carried out in organisations without the allocation of funds for the same in the budget. So, II is also implicit.
- 3. Statement: The host in one of the popular T.V. programmes announced that the channel will contact the viewers between 9.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m. on weekdays and the lucky ones will be given fabulous prizes.
Assumptions:
- The people may remain indoors to receive the phone call.
- More people may start watching the programme.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the organisers of the programme have adopted the viewer interaction scheme and announced prizes for some lucky viewers so that more people are enticed into staying at home and viewing the programme. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 4. Statement: The electric supply corporation has decided to open a few more collection centres in the business district area.
Assumptions:
- The people in the area may welcome the decision.
- Henceforth there may be less time required by the customers for paying electricity bill.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, more collection centres would enable the common people to pay their bills easily, conveniently and quickly and this would cause them to welcome the idea. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 5. Statement: "A visit of school children to forest to widen their knowledge of natural resources has been arranged." - A notice in the school.
Assumptions:
- Forests are full of natural resources.
- Children are likely to learn from their interaction with the new environment.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The forests shall be visited to increase the knowledge of natural resources. This means that forests abound in natural resources. So, I is implicit. The children are being taken to forests to help them learn more practically. So, II is also implicit.
- 6. Statement: There is no reason to rule out the possibility of life on Mars. Therefore the exploration of that planet has to be undertaken.
Assumptions:
- There is life on Mars.
- The search for life is the sufficient reason for space exploration.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
According to the statement, the possibility of life on Mars cannot be ruled out. So, I is implicit. Also, the statement mentions that the planet should be explored to probe for any life present. So, II is also implicit.
- 7. Statement: Use PVC pipes which have 10 years longer life to any other.
Assumptions:
- People prefer only those pipes which are durable.
- Other pipes are not durable.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, nothing is mentioned about the choice of the people. It is simply an advice. So, I is not implicit. Clearly, the other pipes are not as durable as the PVC pipes. So, II is implicit.
- 8. Statement: The Union Government has decided to withdraw existing tax relief on various small savings schemes in a phased manner to augment its tax collection.
Assumptions:
- People may still continue to keep money in small savings schemes and also pay taxes.
- The total tax collection may increase substantially.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The statement mentions that withdrawing tax relief on small savings schemes would help increase tax collection. This implies that the government would then earn tax on income derived from small savings schemes. So, I is implicit. Besides, II follows directly from the statement and so it is also implicit.
- 9. Statement: Read this notice before entering the club.
Assumptions:
- People are literate.
- No blind person comes to the club.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The notice is meant for the people to read. So, it is assumed that the people are literate and I is implicit. Since the notice is to be read by everyone entering the club, so it is assumed that no blind person comes to the club. Thus, II is implicit.
- 10. Statement: "Wanted a two bedroom flat in the court area for immediate possession." - An advertisement.
Assumptions:
- Flats are available in court area.
- Some people will respond to the advertisement.
- It is a practice to give such an advertisement.
Options- A. All are implicit
- B. Only II is implicit
- C. None is implicit
- D. Only I and II are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: Only II is implicit
Explanation:
The advertisement depicts only the requirement, not the availability of flats in court area. So, I is not implicit. Such advertisements are given with the expectation of a response which can make such a flat available. So, II is implicit. Assumption III does not follow from the statement and so is not implicit.
More in Logical Reasoning:
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