Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement: The Government has decided to levy 2 percent on the tax amount payable for funding drought relief programmes.
Assumptions:
- The Government does not have sufficient money to fund drought relief programmes.
- The amount collected by way of surcharge may be adequate to fund these drought relief programmes.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Since a surcharge has been levied to fund drought relief programmes, it follows that the Government does not have sufficient money for the same. So, I is implicit. Besides, the percentage of surcharge must have been decided after studying the expected inflow in relation to amount of funds required. So, II is also implicit.
- 2. Statement: Detergents should be used to clean clothes.
Assumptions:
- Detergents form more lather.
- Detergents help to dislodge grease and dirt.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
Nothing is mentioned about lather formation by the detergent. So, I is not implicit. Also, detergents should be used as they clean clothes better and more easily. So, II is implicit.
- 3. Statement: It will be a substantial achievement in the field of education if one provides one school for every village in our country and enforce attendance.
Assumptions:
- Children in villages do not attend school regularly.
- Providing school to every village is desirable.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The statement lays stress on enforcing attendance. This implies that children in villages do not attend school regularly. So, I is implicit. Besides, the statement calls 'one school for every village' a 'substantial achievement'. So, II is also implicit.
- 4. Statement: The government has decided to disinvest large chunk of its equity in select public sector undertakings for a better fiscal management.
Assumptions:
- The amount generated out of the disinvestment process may reduce substantially the mounting fiscal deficits.
- There will be enough demand in the market for the shares of these undertakings.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
The fact given in I directly follows from the phrase '..... for a better fiscal management' in the statement. So, I is implicit. However, the public response to the new policy cannot be ascertained. So, II is not implicit.
- 5. Statement: Never before such a lucid book was available on the topic.
Assumptions:
- Some other books were available on this topic.
- You can write lucid books on very few topics.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
It follows from the statement that books on this topic were available before also but they were not 'lucid'. So, I is implicit. But a general comment as II cannot be made from the given statement. So, II is not implicit.
- 6. Statement: Please do not use lift while going down - an instruction on the top floor of a five-storey building.
Assumptions:
- While going down, the lift is unable to carry any load.
- Provision of lift is a matter of facility and not of right.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
The statement requests people not to use lift while moving down. This implies that the lift may be used to move up and the request has been made so that more people can use the lift for ascending which would otherwise cause more physical stress than going down the stairs. So, only II is implicit.
- 7. Statement: "I have not received telephone bills for nine months inspite of several complaints" - A telephone customer's letter to the editor of a daily
Assumptions:
- Every customer has a right to get bills regularly from the telephone company.
- The customer's complaints point to defect in the services which are expected to be corrected.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The customer's eagerness to get the bills makes I implicit. Besides, the customer has written to the editor to bring the malfunctioning of the department to public notice. So, II is also implicit.
- 8. Statement: "This drink can be had either as it is, or after adding ice to it." - An advertisement.
Assumptions:
- People differ in their preferences.
- Some people will get attracted to the drink as it can be had as it is.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The advertisement tells the different ways in which the drink can be had. This means that different people prefer to have it in a different way and that some people would prefer it only because it can be taken in a particular manner. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 9. Statement: Government has permitted unaided colleges to increase their fees.
Assumptions:
- Unaided colleges are in financial difficulties.
- Aided colleges do not need to increase fees.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Unaided colleges have been allowed to increase their fees. This means that they are in financial difficulties. So, I is implicit. Nothing is mentioned about the aided colleges. So, II is not implicit.
- 10. Statement: Be humble even after being victorious.
Assumptions:
- Many people are humble after being victorious.
- Generally people are not humble.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, nothing is mentioned about the nature of the people. So, I is not implicit. Also, the statement gives an advice of being humble even after being victorious. This means that generally people are not humble. So, II is implicit.
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