Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement: The government has decided to pay compensation to the tune of Rs. 1 lakh to the family members of those who are killed in railway accidents.
Assumptions:
- The government has enough funds to meet the expenses due to compensation.
- There may be reduction in incidents of railway accidents in near future.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the amount of compensation must have been decided keeping in mind the monetary position of the Government. So, I is implicit. However, nothing can be said about the frequency of railway accidents in future. So, II is not implicit.
- 2. Statement: Films have become indispensable for the entertainment of people.
Assumptions:
- Films are the only media of entertainment.
- People enjoy films.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
'Films are indispensable' does not mean that they are the only means of entertainment. So, I is not implicit. Clearly, II follows from the statement. So, it is implicit.
- 3. Statement: Of all the newspapers published in Mumbai, readership of the "Times" is the largest in the Metropolis.
Assumptions:
- 'Times' is not popular in mofussil areas.
- 'Times' has the popular feature of cartoons on burning social and political issues.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II is implicit
Explanation:
Neither the volume of readership of the 'Times' in areas other than the Metropolis nor the reason for its huge acclamation is evident from the statement So, neither I nor II is implicit.
- 4. Statement: Apart from the entertainment value of television, its educational value cannot be ignored.
Assumptions:
- People take television to be a means of entertainment only.
- The educational value of television is not realised properly.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The statement makes the first assumption clear though educational value is not to be ignored. So, I is implicit. That the educational value must not be ignored also shows that educational value is not realised properly. So, II is also implicit.
- 5. Statement: Children are influenced more by their teachers nowadays.
Assumptions:
- The children consider teachers as their models.
- A large amount of children's time is spent in school.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, it is because children consider teachers as their model that they are more influenced by them. So, I is implicit. It is not necessary that the children are influenced by teachers because they spend much time in school. So, II is not implicit.
- 6. Statement: You know that your suit is excellent when people ask about your tailor who tailored the suit.
Assumptions:
- People do not ask about your tailor if your suit is not good.
- The people want to know the criterion of an excellent suit.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
The statement mentions that if the people ask about the tailor, your suit is good. This means that people ask only in the situation when the thing is good. So, I is implicit. The criteria of an excellent suit is not mentioned. So, II is not implicit.
- 7. Statement: His recent investment in the shares of Company A is only a gamble.
Assumptions:
- He may incur loss on his investment.
- He may gain from his investment.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Either I or II is implicit
Explanation:
The use of the world 'gamble' indicates that he may either gain or lose in the deal.
- 8. Statement: Why don't you go to the court if the employer does not pay you the Provident Fund contribution?
Assumptions:
- Courts can intervene in matters of dispute between employer and employees.
- It is obligatory for the employer to pay the Provident Fund contribution to the employees.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the statement encourages one to go to court to get his Provident Fund from his employer. This implies that the issue comes under the jurisdiction of courts and that it is the right of the employee to claim his Provident Fund. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 9. Statement: 'Double your money in five months.' - An advertisement.
Assumptions:
- The assurance is not genuine.
- People want their money to grow.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
The truth or falsity of the promise made in the statement cannot be judged. So, I is not implicit. Since the concerned firm advertises with the assurance that money can be doubled quickly by investing with it, so II is implicit.
- 10. Statement: The education of a student at collegiate level, not taking into account maintenance expenses, costs four hundred rupees a year. Collegiate education is thus drawing heavily upon the national resources of an impoverished community. So college education should be restricted to a brilliant few.
Assumptions:
- Our resources are very limited.
- Only a few students should be admitted to the colleges.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The use of the words 'impoverished community' in the statement makes I implicit while the phrase 'college education should be restricted to a brilliant few' makes II implicit.
More in Logical Reasoning:
Programming
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