Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement: "Please put more people on the job to make up for the delay."
Assumptions:
- Delay is inevitable in most jobs.
- Output will increase with more number of people on the job.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
The advice tells to 'make up for the delay' showing that delay is not to be done. So, I is not implicit. Since increase in number of people will make up for the delay, it means the output will increase with this increase in number. So, II is implicit.
- 2. Statement: In spite of less than normal rainfall in the catchment areas during the first two months of monsoon of the lakes supplying water to the city the authority has not yet affected any cut in the water supply to the city.
Assumptions:
- The rainfall during the remaining part of the monsoon may be adequate for normal water supply.
- The present water level of the lakes supplying water to the city may be adequate for normal supply.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The statement clearly indicates that at present the water level of the lakes is adequate. There is nothing of a shortage to induce a cut in water supply and still there is time to wait and watch the performance of rains during the remaining monsoon period. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 3. Statement: If you are an engineer, we have a challenging job for you.
Assumptions:
- We need an engineer.
- You are an engineer.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, job is offered to an engineer. This means that he is needed. So, I is implicit. The word 'If' in the statement makes II not implicit.
- 4. Statement: In spite of poor services, the commutators have not complained against it.
Assumptions:
- Generally people do not tolerate poor services.
- Complaints sometimes improve services.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
The statement expresses an expectation of complaints from the people against poor services. So, I is implicit. But the effect of complaints cannot be deduced. So, II is not implicit.
- 5. Statement: In Bombay, railway trains are indispensable for people in the suburbs to reach their places of work on time.
Assumptions:
- Railway trains are the only mode of transport available in the suburbs of Bombay.
- Only railway trains run punctually.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption II is implicit
Explanation:
That the railway trains are indispensable for people to reach the place on time does not mean that there are no other means of transport but shows that trains alone run on time. So, I is not implicit and only II is implicit.
- 6. Statement: The government has decided to reduce its subsidy on LPG; however the subsidy on kerosene remains unchanged.
Assumptions:
- Those people who buy LPG can afford to purchase LPG for a higher price.
- Many people may stop buying LPG and instead use kerosene.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the decision has been taken keeping in mind that the section of people using LPG can afford to pay a slightly higher price. The government does not want to affect the weakest sections who still use kerosene. So, only I is implicit, while II is not.
- 7. Statement: It is not true that the mightiest superpower always wins wars and gets accolades from other countries.
Assumptions:
- Winners are sometimes admired and appreciated.
- Winners are occasionally criticized.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The statement mentions that superpowers do win wars but their victory is not always applauded, but sometimes criticized as well in case the victory is an act of oppression of the weaker nation, and is not backed by a reasonable cause. So, both I and II are implicit.
- 8. Statement: To investigate the murder of the lone resident of a flat, the police interrogated the domestic servant, the watchman of the multi-storeyed buildings and the liftman.
Assumptions:
- The domestic servant, watchman and the liftman can give a clue about the suspected murder.
- Generally in such cases the persons known to the resident are directly or indirectly involved in the murder.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only assumption I is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, in such cases, the police interrogates the domestic servant, watchman and liftman to work out the sequence of events just before the murder by tracing the persons who had come to meet the victim. So, I is implicit However, it is erroneous to assume that persons known to the victim are generally involved in the murder. So, II is not implicit.
- 9. Statement: The integrated steel plants in India would no longer have to depend on imports for continuous casting refractories.
Assumptions:
- Continuous casting refractories are needed by India.
- Continuous casting refractories are in demand.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Both I and II are implicit
Explanation:
The statement mentions the self-sufficiency of India in continuous casting refractories. This means that they are needed in the country. So, I is implicit. Since continuous casting refractories are needed in integrated steel plants, it means they are in demand. So, II is implicit.
- 10. Statement: The office building needs repairing just as urgently as it needs internal as well as external painting.
Assumptions:
- Efficiency of people working in the office cannot be improved unless office building is repaired.
- Repairing and painting of office building require funds.
Options- A. Only assumption I is implicit
- B. Only assumption II is implicit
- C. Either I or II is implicit
- D. Neither I nor II is implicit
- E. Both I and II are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, nothing can be deduced regarding the effect of repairs of office building on efficiency of workers, or the requirement of funds for repairs, from the given statement. So, neither I nor II is implicit.
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