CISCO Certification problems
- 1. You have a Class B network and need 29 subnets. What is your mask? Discuss
Correct Answer: A default Class B is 25525500 A Class B 2552552550 mask is 256 subnets, each with 254 hosts We need fewer subnets If we used 255255240 0, this provides 16 subnets Let's add one more subnet bit 2552552480 This is 5 bits of subnetting, which provides 32 subnets This is our best answer A/21
- 3. Which layer is responsible for converting data packets from the Data Link layer into electrical signals? Discuss
Correct Answer: The physical layer takes frames from the Data Link layer and encodes the 1s and 0s into a digital signal for transmission on the network medium
- 4. What are the typical three different categories of VPNs? Discuss
Correct Answer: The following are the different types of VPNs : PPTP ( Point to Point Tunnel protocol ) VPN : Most commonly used VPN PPTP is a method for implementing virtual private networks PPTP uses a control channel over TCP and a GRE tunnel operating to encapsulate PPP packets Site-to-Site VPN : Site-to-site VPN is a type of VPN connection that is created between two separate locations Site-to-site VPN can be intranet based or extranet based Intranet-based site-to-site VPN is created between an organization's propriety networks, while extranet-based site-to-site VPN is used for connecting with external partner networks or an intranet L2TP ( Layer Two Tunneling Protoco) VPN : L2TP is an extension of the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) used by an Internet service provider (ISP) to enable the operation of a virtual private network over the Internet IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) : IPsec is a framework for a set of protocols for security at the network or packet processing layer of network communication SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) VPN : SSL is a form of VPN that can be used with a standard Web browser In contrast to the traditional Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) VPN, an SSL VPN does not require the installation of specialized client software on the end user's computer MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) VPN : MPLS is a protocol for speeding up and shaping network traffic flows Hybrid VPN : A hybrid VPN combines Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) and Internet protocol security (IPsec)-based VPNs
- 5. Mention different memories used in a CISCO router ? Also asked in: Network Engineer
Correct Answer: Different Memories used in a CISCO router are as follows : NVRAM stores the startup configuration file DRAM stores the configuration file that is being executed Flash Memory ? stores the Cisco IOS
- 6. The network with ip address 192.168.100.0/27 is to be used on a router. If ip subnet-zero is configured, which statement describe the resulting number of available subnets and hosts?
Options- A. 7 usable subnets, each with 32 host addresses
- B. 8 usable subnets, each with 30 host addresses
- C. 8 usable subnets, each with 27 host addresses
- D. 7 usable subnets, each with 24 host addresses Discuss
Correct Answer: 8 usable subnets, each with 30 host addresses
Explanation:
Because subnet zero is configured and we have a class C address (192.168.100.0) then the network portion will have 3 bits so 8 subnets will be available. The rest of the bits, 5, represent the available hosts, so 2^5=32, but only 30 are available, 0 ad 31 are network and broadcast respectively.
- 7. What command will permit SMTP mail to only host 1.1.1.1?
Options- A. access-list 10 permit smtp host 1.1.1.1
- B. access-list 110 permit ip smtp host 1.1.1.1
- C. access-list 10 permit tcp any host 1.1.1.1 eq smtp
- D. access-list 110 permit tcp any host 1.1.1.1 eq smtp Discuss
Correct Answer: access-list 110 permit tcp any host 1.1.1.1 eq smtp
Explanation:
when trying to find the best answer to an access - list question, always check the access - list bnumber and then the protocol. When filtering to an upper - layer protocol, you must use an extended list, numbers 100 - 199 and 2000 - 2699. Also, when you filter to the port of an upper - layer protocol, you must use either tcp or udp in the ACL protocol field. If it says ip in the protocol field, you cannot filoter on the port number of an upper - layer protocol. SMTP uses TCP
- 8. What is the first thing that BGP checks to determine if a prefix is accessible? Discuss
Correct Answer: BGP checks the NEXT_HOP attribute to determine if the NEXT_HOP is accessible or in the IP routing table
- 9. Routers operate at layer _____. LAN switches operate at layer ______. Ethernet hubs operate at layer _____. Word processing operates at layer _______.
Options- A. 3, 3, 1, 7
- B. 3, 2, 1, none
- C. 3, 2, 1, 7
- D. 3, 3, 2, none Discuss
Correct Answer: 3, 2, 1, none
Explanation:
Routers operate at layer 3. LAN switches operate at layer 2. Ethernet hubs operate at layer 1. Word processing applications communicate to the Application layer interface, but do not operate at layer 7, so the answer would be none.
- 10. Which layer is responsible for keeping the data from different applications seperate on the network? Discuss
Correct Answer: The session layer creates sessions between different host's applications
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