Constants problems
- 1. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> int fun(int **ptr); int main() { int i=10; const int *ptr = &i; fun(&ptr); return 0; } int fun(int **ptr) { int j = 223; int *temp = &j; printf("Before changing ptr = %5x\n", *ptr); const *ptr = temp; printf("After changing ptr = %5x\n", *ptr); return 0; }
Options- A. Address of i
Address of j - B. 10
223 - C. Error: cannot convert parameter 1 from 'const int **' to 'int **'
- D. Garbage value Discuss
Correct Answer: Error: cannot convert parameter 1 from 'const int **' to 'int **'
- 2. What will be the output of the program (in Turbo C)?
#include<stdio.h> int fun(int *f) { *f = 10; return 0; } int main() { const int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; printf("Before modification arr[3] = %d", arr[3]); fun(&arr[3]); printf("\nAfter modification arr[3] = %d", arr[3]); return 0; }
Options- A. Before modification arr[3] = 4
After modification arr[3] = 10 - B. Error: cannot convert parameter 1 from const int * to int *
- C. Error: Invalid parameter
- D. Before modification arr[3] = 4
After modification arr[3] = 4
Discuss
Correct Answer: Before modification arr[3] = 4
After modification arr[3] = 10
Explanation:
arr[0] = 1, arr[1] = 2, arr[2] = 3, arr[3] = 4, arr[4] = 5
Step 2: printf("Before modification arr[3] = %d", arr[3]); It prints the value of arr[3] (ie. 4).
Step 3: fun(&arr[3]); The memory location of the arr[3] is passed to fun() and arr[3] value is modified to 10.
A const variable can be indirectly modified by a pointer.
Step 4: printf("After modification arr[3] = %d", arr[3]); It prints the value of arr[3] (ie. 10).
Hence the output of the program is
Before modification arr[3] = 4
After modification arr[3] = 10
- 3. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> int get(); int main() { const int x = get(); printf("%d", x); return 0; } int get() { return 20; }
Options- A. Garbage value
- B. Error
- C. 20
- D. 0 Discuss
Correct Answer: 20
Explanation:
Step 2: const int x = get(); The constant variable x is declared as an integer data type and initialized with the value "20".
The function get() returns the value "20".
Step 3: printf("%d", x); It prints the value of the variable x.
Hence the output of the program is "20".
- 4. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> int main() { int y=128; const int x=y; printf("%d\n", x); return 0; }
Options- A. 128
- B. Garbage value
- C. Error
- D. 0 Discuss
Correct Answer: 128
Explanation:
Step 2: const int x=y; The constant variable 'x' is declared as an integer and it is initialized with the variable 'y' value.
Step 3: printf("%d\n", x); It prints the value of variable 'x'.
Hence the output of the program is "128"
- 5. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> int main() { const int i=0; printf("%d\n", i++); return 0; }
Options- A. 10
- B. 11
- C. No output
- D. Error: ++needs a value Discuss
Correct Answer: Error: ++needs a value
Explanation:
Step 1: const int i=0; The constant variable 'i' is declared as an integer and initialized with value of '0'(zero).
Step 2: printf("%d\n", i++); Here the variable 'i' is increemented by 1(one). This will create an error "Cannot modify a const object".
Because, we cannot modify a const variable.
- 6. What will be the output of the program in TurboC?
#include<stdio.h> int fun(int **ptr); int main() { int i=10, j=20; const int *ptr = &i; printf(" i = %5X", ptr); printf(" ptr = %d", *ptr); ptr = &j; printf(" j = %5X", ptr); printf(" ptr = %d", *ptr); return 0; }
Options- A. i= FFE2 ptr=12 j=FFE4 ptr=24
- B. i= FFE4 ptr=10 j=FFE2 ptr=20
- C. i= FFE0 ptr=20 j=FFE1 ptr=30
- D. Garbage value Discuss
Correct Answer: i= FFE4 ptr=10 j=FFE2 ptr=20
- 7. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> int main() { const char *s = ""; char str[] = "Hello"; s = str; while(*s) printf("%c", *s++); return 0; }
Options- A. Error
- B. H
- C. Hello
- D. Hel Discuss
Correct Answer: Hello
Explanation:
Step 2: char str[] = "Hello"; The variable str is declared as an array of charactrers type and initialized with a string "Hello".
Step 3: s = str; The value of the variable str is assigned to the variable s. Therefore str contains the text "Hello".
Step 4: while(*s){ printf("%c", *s++); } Here the while loop got executed untill the value of the variable s is available and it prints the each character of the variable s.
Hence the output of the program is "Hello".
- 8. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> union employee { char name[15]; int age; float salary; }; const union employee e1; int main() { strcpy(e1.name, "K"); printf("%s %d %f", e1.name, e1.age, e1.salary); return 0; }
Options- A. Error: RValue required
- B. Error: cannot convert from 'const int *' to 'int *const'
- C. Error: LValue required in strcpy
- D. No error Discuss
Correct Answer: No error
Explanation:
The output will be (in 16-bit platform DOS):
K 75 0.000000- 9. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> int main() { const int x=5; const int *ptrx; ptrx = &x; *ptrx = 10; printf("%d\n", x); return 0; }
Options- A. 5
- B. 10
- C. Error
- D. Garbage value Discuss
Correct Answer: Error
Explanation:
Step 2: const int *ptrx; The constant variable ptrx is declared as an integer pointer.
Step 3: ptrx = &x; The address of the constant variable x is assigned to integer pointer variable ptrx.
Step 4: *ptrx = 10; Here we are indirectly trying to change the value of the constant vaiable x. This will result in an error.
To change the value of const variable x we have to use *(int *)&x = 10;
- 10. What will be the output of the program?
#include<stdio.h> int main() { const c = -11; const int d = 34; printf("%d, %d\n", c, d); return 0; }
Options- A. Error
- B. -11, 34
- C. 11, 34
- D. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: -11, 34
Explanation:
Step 2: const int d = 34; The constant variable 'd' is declared as an integer and initialized to value '34'.
Step 3: printf("%d, %d\n", c, d); The value of the variable 'c' and 'd' are printed.
Hence the output of the program is -11, 34
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