Sets and Functions problems
- 1. If A = {a, d}, B = {b, c, e} and C = {b, c, f}, then A × (B ? C) =
Options- A. ?
- B. (A × B) ? (A × C)
- C. (A × B) ? (A × C)
- D. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: (A × B) ? (A × C)
Explanation:
Given in the question, we can can calculate,
(B ? C) = {b, c, e} ? {b, c, f} = {b, c}
? A × (B ? C) = {a, d} × {b, c}
= {(a, b), (a, c), (d, b), (d, c)}
Also, (A × B) ? (A × C)
= {(a, b), (a, c), (a, b), (d, c)}
? A × (B ? C) = (A × B) ? (A × C).
- 2. If A = {a, d}, B = {b, c, e} and C = {b, c, f}, then A × (B - C) =
Options- A. (A × B) - (A × C)
- B. (A × B)
- C. A × C
- D. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: (A × B) - (A × C)
Explanation:
we can calculate below as per given question,
we can calculate below as per given question,
(B ? C) = { b, c, e } ? { b, c, f } = { e }
A × (B ? C) = { a, d } x { e }
(A × B) = { a, d } x { b, c, e }
(A × C) = { a, d } x { b, c, f }
? A × (B ? C) = {(a, e), (d, e)} ...........?(1)
Also, (A × B) ? (A × C) = {(a, e), (d, e)} ..........?(2)
Hence, from (1) and (2), we have
A × (B ? C) = (A × B) ? (A × C).
- 3. If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {2, 3, 4}, C = {1, 3, 4} and D = {2, 4, 5}, then (A × B) ? (C × D) =?
Options- A. (A ? D) × (B ? C)
- B. (b) (A ? C) × (B ? D)
- C. ?
- D. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: (b) (A ? C) × (B ? D)
Explanation:
(A × B) = {1, 2, 3} × {2, 3, 4}
= {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4)}
(C × D) = {1, 3, 4} × {2, 4, 5}
= {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 5), (3, 2), (3, 4), (3, 5), (4, 2), (4, 4), (4, 5)}
? (A ? B) ? (C × D)
= {(1, 2), (1, 4), (3, 2), (3, 4)}
Also, (A ? C) = {1, 3} and (B ? D) = {2, 4}. Therefore,
(A ? C) × (B ? D) = {(1, 2), (1, 4), (3, 2), (3, 4)}
Hence, (A × B) ? (C × D) = (A ? C) × (B ? D).
- 4. In a group of 50 people, 35 speak Hindi, 25 speak both Hindi and English and all the people speak Hindi or English or both. The number of people who speak English only is:
Options- A. 40
- B. 20
- C. 15
- D. 10 Discuss
Correct Answer: 10
Explanation:
Draw a figure and calculate.
Number of people speak English only
= 50 ? (10 + 25)
= 15
- 5. There are 80 families in a small extension area. 20 per cent of these families own a car each. 50 per cent of the remaining families own a motor cycle each. How many families in that extension do not own any vehicle?
Options- A. 30
- B. 32
- C. 23
- D. 36 Discuss
Correct Answer: 32
Explanation:
Given in the question,
20% of 80 = 20 * 80 / 100 = 16
Remaining 50%
= (80 ? 16) × 50 / 100 = 32
No. of families not owning any vehicle
= 80 ? (32 + 16) = 80 ? 48 = 32
- 6. In an examination, 30% of the total students failed in Hindi, 45% failed in English and 20% failed in both the subjects. Find the percentage of those who passed in both the subjects.
Options- A. 35.7%
- B. 35%
- C. 40%
- D. 45% Discuss
Correct Answer: 45%
Explanation:
Let the number of students be 100. Number of students who failed in Hindi is 30%.
n(H) = 30
Number of students who failed in English is 45%.
? n(E) = 45
Number of students who failed in both the subjects is 20%. n(H ? E) = 20
Applying the rule,
n(H ? E) = n(H) + n(E) - n(H ? E)
= 30 + 45 - 20 = 55
Percentage of students who failed in Hindi or English or both the subjects = 55%
Number of students who passed in both the subjects = 100 - 55 = 45%
- 7. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {2, 4, 6} then what is the value of A - B?
Options- A. {2, 3, 5}
- B. {1, 3, 5}
- C. {2, 3, 6}
- D. {1, 4, 5} Discuss
Correct Answer: {1, 3, 5}
Explanation:
A new set having those elements which are in A but not in B is said to be the difference of sets A and B and it is denoted by A ? B.
Given that in question, A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {2, 4, 6}
So the numbers which are in A and but not in B = {1, 3, 5}
? A ? B = {1, 3, 5}
- 8. Write down the power set of A = {8, 9}.
Options- A. {?, {8}, {9}, {8, 9}}
- B. {?, {8}, {9}}
- C. {?, {8}, {9}, {8, 9}}
- D. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: {?, {8}, {9}, {8, 9}}
Explanation:
NA
- 9. Which of the following pairs of sets are comparable?
Options- A. A = {1, 3, 5}, and B = {3, 2, 5, 6}
- B. A = {x: x ? N and x ? 10} and B = {1, 2, 3,?, 10, 11}
- C. A = {1, 2, 3, {4, 5}}, and B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.
- D. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: A = {x: x ? N and x ? 10} and B = {1, 2, 3,?, 10, 11}
Explanation:
(a) 1? A but 1? B and 6 ? B but 6 ? A.
? A and B are not comparable.
(b) A = {x: x ? N and x ? 10} = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}
Clearly, A ? B ? A and B are comparable.
(c) {4, 5} ? A but {4, 5} ? B and 4 ? B but 4 ? A.
? A and B are not comparable.
- 10. In a class, 50 students play cricket, 20 students play football and 10 play both cricket and football. How many play at least one of these two games?
Options- A. 60
- B. 45
- C. 55
- D. 65 Discuss
Correct Answer: 60
Explanation:
Given: n(C) = 50, n(F) = 20, n(C ? F) = 10.
Number of students playing at least one of these two games = n (C ? F) = n (C) + n (F) ? n (C ? F)
= 50 + 20 ? 10 = 60.
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