Summer air-conditioning application: The process most commonly used to lower air temperature and remove moisture simultaneously is called

Introduction / Context:
In hot and humid climates, summer comfort conditioning requires both sensible cooling (lower dry-bulb temperature) and latent cooling (moisture removal). Coil-based systems accomplish this by passing moist air over a cold surface below the air’s dew-point temperature.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Cooling coil surface temperature less than the entering air dew-point.
• Air flows at nearly constant pressure through the coil.
• Condensate drains remove condensed moisture.

Concept / Approach:
As warm, humid air contacts a cold coil, it cools sensibly toward the apparatus dew-point and simultaneously crosses the saturation curve, condensing moisture. On a psychrometric chart, the process line slopes down-left toward lower DBT and lower humidity ratio, embodying “cooling and dehumidification.”

Step-by-Step Reasoning:

Verification / Alternative check:
Psychrometric calculations using coil bypass factor show simultaneous reductions in DBT and humidity ratio when coil ADP is below entering air dew-point.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Humidification adds moisture, not removes it.
• Dehumidification alone omits the required cooling step.
• Heating and humidification is a winter process.
• Adiabatic saturation (evaporative cooling) increases humidity rather than removing it.

Common Pitfalls:
Mistaking evaporative coolers for dehumidifiers; evaporative devices raise humidity and are unsuitable for humid climates without desiccant stages.

Final Answer:
cooling and dehumidification