Projection choices — Besides isometric/axonometric views, can piping also be shown using standard orthographic projection (plans, elevations, and sections) when clarity requires?

Introduction / Context:
Piping documentation uses multiple projection methods depending on purpose and scale. Orthographic projection (plans and elevations) is indispensable for coordination with architectural and structural disciplines, ensuring clearance, slope, and routing are properly integrated within the building or plant layout.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Claim: piping may be shown in orthographic projection.
• Orthographic drawings complement isometrics and P&IDs.
• Used across disciplines for coordination and permitting.

Concept / Approach:
Orthographic views present true lengths and relationships along principal directions, enabling coordination with framing, equipment, and other trades. They are standard for floor plans, riser diagrams, and sections, while isometrics capture routing and bills of material. Both are used together to communicate complete design intent and installation details.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Identify drawing set requirements: coordination and construction.2) Use orthographic plans/elevations to convey location, slope, and clearances.3) Supplement with isometric details for fabrication clarity as needed.4) Conclude that orthographic representation is appropriate and common.

Verification / Alternative check:
Review MEP coordination sets: piping routes appear on floor plans and vertical risers in orthographic views, with sections where congestion occurs.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Incorrect: Orthographic views are routinely used.
• System/size/P&ID limitations: Orthographic representation is not restricted by system type or pipe size and is distinct from schematic P&IDs.

Common Pitfalls:
Relying solely on isometrics without verifying ceiling heights or structural obstructions; omitting elevation callouts; failing to indicate slopes on gravity lines in plan/elevation views.

Final Answer:
Correct