Hot working process selection Which hot working process is best suited for producing axisymmetric parts of circular cross-section (e.g., cones, hemispherical ends, cookware) that are symmetrical about the rotation axis?

Introduction / Context:
Manufacturing of axisymmetric thin-walled components often uses spinning, a process distinct from forging or extrusion. Recognizing when to use hot spinning saves tooling cost and achieves smooth surfaces and uniform thickness for shells and end closures.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Part is axisymmetric and circular in cross-section.
• Material is ductile enough for hot or warm spinning.
• Desired wall thickness is relatively thin compared to diameter.

Concept / Approach:
In hot spinning, a circular blank (or preform) is pressed over a rotating mandrel using rollers, progressively shaping it into cones, domes, or parabolic forms. This differs from hot extrusion (bulk flow through a die), hot drawing (deep drawing of sheet into cups), and forging (bulk upsetting or drawing under compressive loads). Spinning excels at symmetric, hollow shapes with continuous curvature.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify geometry: axisymmetric shell.Select process that forms by incremental roller pressure on a rotating blank.Conclude hot spinning is most appropriate.

Verification / Alternative check:
Common products—gas cylinders ends, cookware, reflectors—are made by spinning; surface finish and dimensional control match process capabilities.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Forging targets bulk shapes not thin shells; extrusion makes long prismatic profiles; hot drawing forms cups but not complex, smooth-contoured domes as effectively without multiple redraws; roll bending forms cylindrical arcs, not closed axisymmetric shells.

Common Pitfalls:
Excessive thinning at edges; inadequate lubrication leading to surface tearing; not matching mandrel geometry correctly.

Final Answer:
Hot spinning