What does a typical handheld multimeter measure in basic mode?

Introduction / Context:
Multimeters are essential diagnostic tools for electronics and electrical work. Understanding their core measurement capabilities ensures safe, accurate troubleshooting and component verification in both DC and AC applications.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Standard digital multimeter (DMM) operation.
• Basic, non-specialized model (no advanced functions assumed).

Concept / Approach:
At minimum, a DMM measures three fundamental electrical quantities: voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R). Many meters add continuity and diode test, and more advanced meters include capacitance, frequency, or temperature, but the core triad is V–I–R.

Step-by-Step Reasoning:

Verification / Alternative check:
User manuals list functions on the selector dial—V (AC/DC), A (AC/DC), and Ω are always present in general-purpose DMMs, confirming the V–I–R capability set.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Only current, only voltage, or only resistance: Each describes a single capability; a basic multimeter performs all three.

Common Pitfalls:

• Measuring current with the leads in the voltage jack—this can blow the meter’s fuse.
• Measuring resistance on a live circuit—can damage the meter or give false readings.

Final Answer:
current, voltage, and resistance