Fundamentals of computer memory: which description correctly defines memory in the context of computer systems?

Introduction / Context:
Computer memory is a core hardware component that holds data and instructions for rapid access by the CPU. Distinguishing memory from the processor, programs, and operating system behavior is crucial for accurate understanding of system architecture and performance.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• We compare short statements that define memory versus CPU or OS concepts.
• Memory stores information such as instructions and data values.
• The CPU performs operations; the OS may provide time sharing and interactivity.

Concept / Approach:

At a high level, memory is an information storage device. It includes volatile forms like RAM and nonvolatile forms like ROM and persistent storage layers when discussed broadly. The CPU is the execution engine that reads instructions from memory. Time slicing describes OS scheduling policy, not memory itself. A sequence of instructions is a program, not memory hardware.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Computer organization texts specify the fetch cycle: CPU reads instructions from memory, executes them, and writes results back to memory, confirming the distinct roles.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• performs a sequence of operations: this is the CPU.
• a sequence of instructions: this is a program.
• interactive processing and time slicing: describes OS scheduling, not memory.

Common Pitfalls:

• Equating storage and processing due to the close interaction in the fetch execute cycle.

Final Answer:

is the device where information is stored.