Riveted joints in manufacturing and structural design:\nRivets are generally used for which type of fastenings in permanent assemblies and structural connections?

Introduction / Context:
Riveting is a classical fastening method used in bridges, boilers, aircraft skins, shipbuilding, and heavy steelwork. Unlike threaded fasteners that are removed with tools, rivets are deformed plastically during installation, creating a permanent mechanical lock. Understanding whether a fastening is permanent or temporary is fundamental in manufacturing processes and maintenance planning.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• A rivet is a cylindrical shank with a head that is inserted into a preformed hole.
• Installation forms a second head (shop head) by upsetting the shank.
• No provision for routine disassembly without destroying the rivet.

Concept / Approach:
Fastenings are broadly classified as permanent (e.g., welding, riveting) and temporary/detachable (e.g., bolting, screwing, clamps). Rivets achieve permanence because the material is plastically deformed to fill and lock the hole; removal requires drilling or chiseling, which destroys the fastener. This provides robust load transfer and vibration resistance in long-life structures.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Service manuals for riveted structures specify drill-out procedures for replacement, confirming the non-detachable nature. Historical steel bridges and aircraft fuselages demonstrate long-term integrity of permanent riveted joints.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Temporary/adjustable/knock-down: imply easy disassembly, which is not possible with rivets.
• Friction-only: some joints rely on friction, but rivets mechanically clamp and bear; they are not non-penetrating devices.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing blind rivets with screws; even blind (pop) rivets are permanent once set. Do not equate riveting with bolting simply because both use holes.

Final Answer:
Permanent