Logical reasoning (assumptions): Determine which assumptions are implicit in the statement about reducing or eradicating social inequality through government action or revolutionary change

Given data

• Statement: All existing inequalities can be reduced, if not eradicated, by action of governments or by revolutionary change of government.
• Assumption I: Inequality is a man-made phenomenon.
• Assumption II: No person would voluntarily part with what he possesses.

Concept/Approach

The implicit-assumption test asks which hidden beliefs must be true for the statement to make sense. If a claim proposes that government action can reduce inequality, it presumes inequality is subject to human control.

Step-by-Step reasoning
1) If government or revolution can reduce inequality, inequality must be alterable by human institutions and decisions, i.e., man-made or at least socially produced. Thus Assumption I is required.2) Assumption II concerns individual willingness to part with possessions. The statement does not rely on whether persons voluntarily give up wealth; it speaks about what governments or revolutions can achieve regardless of voluntary behavior. Thus Assumption II is not required.

Verification/Alternative

Even if some people freely share resources, the claim about state-led reduction still holds. But if inequality were purely natural and immutable, the statement would collapse, confirming I is essential.

Common pitfalls

• Importing moral opinions about generosity when the statement is about institutional capacity.

Final Answer
Only assumption I is implicit.